长江流域资源与环境 >> 2010, Vol. 19 >> Issue (11): 1283-.

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国外来入侵动物的分布格局及其与环境因子和人类活动的关系

王双玲,李中强,正祥,张萌,徐军,刘仁宏   

  1. (1湖北大学资源环境学院|湖北 武汉 430062;2.江西省环境保护科学研究院|江西 南昌 330029;3.中国科学院水生生物研究所|湖北 武汉 430072;4.湖北省沙市中学|湖北 沙市 434000)〖
  • 出版日期:2010-11-20

SPATIAL PATTERNS OF INVASIVE ALIEN ANIMALS IN CHINAAND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTALAND ANTHROPOLOGICAL FACTORS

WANG Shuangling1, LI Zhongqiang1, WANG Zhengxiang1, ZHANG Meng2, XU Jun3|LIU Renhong4
   

  1. (1.Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China|2.Jiangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences,Nanchang 330029,China|3.Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China|4.Hubei Shashi Middle School, Shashi 434000| China)
     
  • Online:2010-11-20

摘要:

外来入侵动物给中国生物多样性、生态环境和国民经济带来严重影响。正确认识区域尺度上外来入侵动物的分布格局及影响因素对外来入侵动物的预测、管理和防治具有重要意义。通过资料搜集、采用聚类分析和排序等研究方法,分析了外来入侵动物的空间分布格局及自然环境因子和人类活动强度对外来入侵动物分布格局的影响。结果表明,中国报道现有外来入侵动物136种,其中昆虫最多,占整个外来入侵数量的56.6%。从入侵方式上看,外来入侵动物主要以无意引进方式引入,占整个外来入侵数量的53.6%。外来入侵动物物种在各省的数量和密度都呈现出由东南沿海向西北内陆减少的趋势,数据分析表明在较大尺度上纬度是决定中国外来入侵动物分布格局的主导因子,而在局部尺度上人为因素对其分布格局影响较大。

Abstract:

Biological invasions is one of the three most pressing environmental problems.The invasion of alien animal has caused biodiversity loss,ecological environmental damage and economic losses of China. But to our knowledge,factors influencing regional spatial patterns of these alien animals have not been studied in China,although China is a country heavily infested with these species.Thus,it is very important to clarify the pattern of spatial distribution and the influencing factors of invasive alien animals for further prediction and management. In order to explore the relationship between spatial patterns of invasive alien animals and environmental and anthropological factors,multiple stepwise regression and canonical correspondence analysis were used to determine the effects of environmental variables(including annual precipitation,mean temperature in January,mean temperature in July,annual mean temperature,area of province,latitude,longitude and percentage of forest cover) and anthropological factors(including total population,population density,values of annual gross production,GDP on unit area,GDP per capita,values of imported goods,number of foreign tourists and total of transport) on the number,density and spatial distribution of invasive alien animals of China.Results showed that there were 136 alien invasive animals recorded in China,among which insect was accounted for 566%.The invasive animals of China were mainly in the unintentional ways,accounting for 536% of the total invasive animal number.The results indicated that the number of invasive alien animals decreased from the southeast to the northwest,which was largely determined by latitude.Also,the density of invasive alien animals decreased from the southeast to the northwest,which was largely determined by the population density.Our study suggested that latitude and the population density were the main factors that significantly affected the spatial pattern of invasion alien animal at regional and local scale,respectively,in China.These findings may have important implications for the management of invasive animals.
 

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