长江流域资源与环境 >> 2010, Vol. 19 >> Issue (Z2): 36-.

• 自然资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

长江下游江段秋季浮游植物生态指标与理化指标评价

陈家长|孟顺龙|胡庚东|瞿建宏|吴伟|范立民|宋超   

  1. (中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心;中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室;农业部长江下游渔业生态环境监测中心|江苏 无锡 214081)〖
  • 出版日期:2010-12-31

WATER QUALITY EVALUATION BY PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITYSTRUCTURE INDICES AND PHYSICALCHEMICAL INDICES IN THELOWER REACH OF THE YANGTZE RIVER IN AUTUMN
 

CHEN Jiazhang, MENG Shunlong, HU Gengdong, QU Jianhong, WU Wei, FAN Limin, SONG Chao   

  1. (Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries;Freshwater Fisheries ResearchCenter,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;Fishery EcoEvironment Monitoring Center of LowerReaches of the |Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuxi 214081|China)〖
  • Online:2010-12-31

摘要:

采用种类相似性指数、多样性指数等多项生物学指标分析2009年秋季长江下游段的浮游植物群落特征,并结合理化指标评价其水质营养状态。结果表明:2009年秋季,长江下游段共检出绿藻(Chlorophyta)、硅藻(Bacillariophyta)、蓝藻(Cyanophyta)、裸藻(Euglenophyta)、隐藻(Cryptophyta)5门27种,浮游植物细胞丰度变化在5.68×104~7.08×104 cells/L,平均为6.01×104 cells/L,浮游植物生物量变化在30.43~34.73 μg/L,平均为32.46 μg/L;各采样站位之间的浮游植物相似性指数变化在0.30~0.63,介于轻度相似至中度相似之间;多样性指数变化在2.38~2.73,多样性较好或丰富,显示出长江下游段的浮游植物群落处于较稳定的状态;水质CODMn、TN、TP和TLI(∑)分别变化在2.71~3.23 mg/L、1.24~1.35 mg/L、0.058~0.072 mg/L和44.87~45.96;综合水质生物学和化学评价结果可知2009年秋季长江下游段的水质较好;但从水质评定级别来看,化学评价得出的水质等级与生物学评价得出的水质等级有所不同,显示出两种方法的差异性,因此,生物监测应与理化监测相结合,以提高监测结果的准确性和可靠性。〖

Abstract:

Biological indices such as similarity index,diversity index were used to analyze the community structure characteristics of phytoplankton,and both biological indices and physicalchemical indices were used to evaluate the water quality in the lower reach of the Yangtze River in Autumn.Results showed that there were 5 phyla including 27 species of phytoplankton in the lower reach of the Yangtze River in Autumn.The abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 5.68×104  to 7.08×104 cells/L,with the average of 6.01×104 cells/L,and the biomass of phytoplankton ranged from 30.43 to 34.73 μg/L,with the average of 32.46 μg/L. The similarity indices ranged from 0.30 to 0.63,indicating that the phytoplankton similarity was between mild similarity and middle similarity.The phytoplankton diversity indices ranged from 2.38 to 2.73,which meant that both phytoplankton diversity and phytoplankton evenness were good and the phytoplankton community structure was in a stable level in the lower reach of the Yangtze River in Autumn.The permanganate (CODMn),total nitrogen (TN),total phosphorus (TP) and Comprehensive Trophic State Index (TLI(∑)) ranged form 2.71 to 3.23 mg/L,1.24 to 1.35 mg/L,0.058 to 0.072 mg/L and 44.87 to 45.96 respectively.It could be concluded that the water quality of the lower reach of the Yangtze River in Autumn was good.However,the pollution degrees evaluated by physicalchemical method was more sensitive than that evaluated by biological method,which revealed the difference between the two evaluation methods.Therefore,in order to improve the veracity and reliability of the monitoring result,the biological monitoring methods should be coupled with the physicalchemical monitoring as well.〖

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