长江流域资源与环境 >> 2014, Vol. 23 >> Issue (10): 1367-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201410005

• 自然资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

长江口滩涂湿地景观变化对典型水鸟生境适宜性的影响

任璘婧, 李秀珍, 李希之, 闫中正, 孙永光   

  1. (1.华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室, 上海 200062; 2.国家海洋环境监测中心, 辽宁 大连 116023)
  • 出版日期:2014-10-20

EFFECT OF LANDSCAPE CHANGES ON THE HABITAT SUITABILITY FOR TYPICAL WATERBIRDS AT THE YANGTZE ESTUARY

REN Linjing1, LI Xiuzhen1, LI Xizhi1, YAN Zhongzheng1, SUN Yongguang2   

  1. (1.State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; 2. National Marine Environment Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
  • Online:2014-10-20

摘要:

近年来在海平面上升、长江水沙变化、植被演替等自然因素以及促淤圈围工程、深水航道建设等人为因素的共同作用下,长江口滩涂湿地水鸟适宜生境发生了巨大变化。针对长江口滩涂湿地典型水鸟中的鸻鹬类(Charadriiformes)与雁鸭类(Anseriformes),采用空间多样性指数、人为干扰度等指标研究1980~2010年长江口滩涂湿地景观变化对两类水鸟生境适宜性的影响。结果表明:两类水鸟的不适宜生境、边缘生境、次级生境面积均呈增长趋势,鸻鹬类共增加682 km2,雁鸭类共增加314 km2。而核心生境面积却呈不同的变化趋势,鸻鹬类减少136 km2,雁鸭类增加232 km2,但鸻鹬类和雁鸭类核心生境面积百分比均分别减少566%和194%。1980~2010年鸻鹬类生境适宜性综合评价指数由092下降到053,雁鸭类由089下降到070,鸻鹬类降幅大于雁鸭类。通过定量分析人为干扰度对水鸟生境的影响,发现鸻鹬类对人类干扰更加敏感,中等强度的人类干扰在一定程度上扩大了雁鸭类的适宜生境面积

Abstract:

The Yangtze estuary is one of the most important stopover sites in East AsianAustralasian flyway for migratory waterbirds. Charadriiformes and Anseriformes are two major waterbird groups in the Yangtze estuary. During the past decades, suitable habitat for waterbirds in the Yangtze estuary has undergone severe changes due to the influences of natural factors (such as sea level rising, flow and sediment changes in the catchment and vegetation succession), as well as anthropic factors (e.g. reclamation, accretion promotion and deepwater channel construction). Based on remotly sensed data and field investigation, we studied the land use changes and applied spatial diversity and hemeroby index to evaluate the changes of habitat suitability for Charadriiformes and Anseriformes during the period of 1980-2010. According to the spatial diversity index, the Yangtze estuary was divided into four types, i.e., core habitat, secondary habitat, edge habitat and unsuitable habitat. The results indicated that the area percentages of core habitats decreased by 55.6% and 18.6% for Charadriiformes and Anseriformes, respectively. The area of core habitats decreased by 133 km2 for Charadriiformes and increased by 235 km2 for Anseriformes. The total area of secondary habitats, edge habitats and unsuitable habitats increased by 679 km2 and 311 km2 for Charadriiformes and Anseriformes, respectively. The comprehensive habitat suitability indices (H) for Charadriiformes were 0.92, 0.67, 0.58 and 0.53 for the years 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010, respectively, with a decrease of 40% from 1980 to 2010. In addition, the comprehensive habitat suitability indices (H) for Anseriformes were 0.89, 0.72, 0.70 and 0.70 for the years 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010, respectively, with a decrease of 18% during the last thirty years. Moreover, we found that the suitable habitats for Charadriiformes and Anseriformes both decreased more rapidly in the period of 1980-1990 than later periods. According to the spatial diversity indices of different hemeroby types, human disturbance was negatively correlated with the spatial diversity and had negative impacts on the habitat suitability of both Charadriiformes and Anseriformes. The degree of correlation for Charadriiformes was higher than that for Anseriformes. Moderate intensity of human disturbance increased the area of suitable habitat for Anseriformes. In summary, with intensive reclamation at the Yangtze estuary, habitat suitability for Charadriiformes and Anseriformes both decreased during the last thirty years, and habitat suitability for Charadriiformes decreased more rapidly than that for Anseriformes

No related articles found!
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 李 娜,许有鹏, 陈 爽. 苏州城市化进程对降雨特征影响分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2006, 15(3): 335 -339 .
[2] 张 强.
近40年来长江流域水沙变化趋势及可能影响因素探讨
[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(2): 257 .
[3] 孙维侠, 赵永存, 黄 标, 廖菁菁, 王志刚, 王洪杰. 长三角典型地区土壤环境中Se的空间变异特征及其与人类健康的关系[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(1): 113 .
[4] 袁旭音. 污染河道的常量和微量元素特征及指示意义[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(2): 270 .
[5] 张其成,姚亦锋,蒋成煜. 南京城市滨江带功能演变及现代景观规划研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2004, 13(1): 30 -34 .
[6] 胡鸿兴,康洪莉,贡国鸿,朱觅辉5,郑文勤5,吴法清,何定富,李振文,耿 栋5. 湖北省湿地冬季水鸟多样性研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2005, 14(4): 422 -428 .
[7] 时连强,李九发,应 铭,左书华,徐海根. 长江口没冒沙演变过程及其对水库工程的响应[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2006, 15(4): 458 -464 .
[8] 吴之坤, 张长芹,黄 媛,张敬丽,孙宝玲,. 长江上游玉龙雪山植物物种多样性形成的探讨[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2006, 15(1): 48 -53 .
[9] 刘盛和. 中国城市化水平省际差异的成因探析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2004, 13(6): 530 -535 .
[10] 张代钧,许丹宇,任宏洋,曹海彬,郑 敏,刘惠强. 长江三峡水库水污染控制若干问题[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2005, 14(5): 605 -610 .