近50 a澴河上游汛期降雨径流多尺度时空演变

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201806016

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2018, Vol. 27 >> Issue (06): 1324-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201806016

近50 a澴河上游汛期降雨径流多尺度时空演变

孙周亮1,2，刘冀1,2*，谈新3，董晓华1,2，舒章康1,2

（1.三峡大学水利与环境学院，湖北宜昌443002；2.水资源安全保障湖北省协同创新中心，
湖北武汉430072；3 湖北省孝感市水文水资源勘测局，湖北孝感432000）

出版日期:2018-06-20

Multiscale Spatio-Temporal Evolution Analysis of Rainfall and Runoff in Flood Season in Upper Huanhe River in Recent 50 Years

SUN Zhou-liang1,2, LIU Ji1,2, TAN Xin3, DONG Xiao-hua1,2, SHU Zhang-kang1,2

(1.College of Hydraulic and Environment,China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000,China;
2.Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Resources Security, Wuhan 430072,China;
3.Xiaogan Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau of Hubei Province, Xiaogan 432000,China)

Online:2018-06-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 人类活动和气候变化可能导致水文资料的一致性遭到破坏。为研究澴河上游汛期降雨、径流的一致性，基于澴河花园水文站及流域内6个雨量站1963~2013年汛期实测资料，以全汛期、最大1日、3日、7日为时间尺度，首先通过Pettitt检验和Mann-Kendall检验对降雨、径流序列进行趋势与突变检验；其次采用不均匀系数和重心模型对降雨时空变化进行定量分析，基于日流量历时曲线分析不同相对历时流量的变化规律；最后分析降雨径流关系的时间变化特征。结果表明：澴河上游流域汛期降雨存在不显著下降趋势，各历时降雨空间分布未发生显著变化，降雨重心基本分布在广水站和草店站之间。花园站汛期平均流量呈减小趋势，最大1日、3日、7日平均流量显著减小；高流量下降趋势和低流量上升趋势均较明显，高、低流量相对于中流量的离差均为减小趋势。汛期径流系数呈下降趋势，降雨、径流深多年平均下降率分别为11.6、20.8 mm/10 a；径流系数与降雨量呈分段线性关系，约在汛期降雨为565 mm处出现转折。
关键词：时空演变;空间不均匀性;降雨重心;流量历时曲线;降雨径流关系

Abstract: The consistency of hydrological sequence might have been changed by human activities and climate change. The daily data in flood season of 6 rainfall gauges during the period of 1963 to 2013 was addressed to analyze the consistency of rainfall-runoff in the upper Huanhe river. The Mann-Kendall rank statistic test and Pettitt change-point statistical methods were applied to trend and abrupt change test in terms of 1 day, 3 days and 7 days. Then the spatial and temporal distribution change of rainfall was quantified with non-uniform coefficient and a gravity center model. The runoff change pattern of different relative duration was analyzed using daily flow duration curve. Finally, the temporal variation of rainfall-runoff relation was explored. The result indicated that the rainfall showd a nonsignificant trend of decrease and non-obvious change in spatial distribution, while the rainfall gravity center mainly located between Guangshui station and Caodian station.The runoff in Huayuan station assumed the reduced tendency, while the maximum average flow in 1 day, 3 days and 7 days have declined significantly. The downward trend of high flow and upward trend of low flow was obvious. The deviation between high flow and median flow reduced, similarly with the deviation between low flow and median flow. The average decline rate of rainfall and runoff was 11.6 mm/10 a、20.8 mm/10 a over the years while the runoff coefficient in flood season descended. The runoff coefficient and runoff had a piecewise linear relationship with the break point of 565 mm for rainfall.
Key words：spatio-temporal evolution; spatial non-uniformity; rainfall gravity center; flow duration curve; rainfall-runoff relationship

孙周亮1,2，刘冀1,2*，谈新3，董晓华1,2，舒章康1,2. 近50 a澴河上游汛期降雨径流多尺度时空演变[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(06): 1324-.

SUN Zhou-liang1,2, LIU Ji1,2, TAN Xin3, DONG Xiao-hua1,2, SHU Zhang-kang1,2. Multiscale Spatio-Temporal Evolution Analysis of Rainfall and Runoff in Flood Season in Upper Huanhe River in Recent 50 Years[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2018, 27(06): 1324-.

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