Abstract: To understand the temporal and spatial distribution of air quality index (AQI) in urban Guiyang, the concentration data of SO2, NO2, PM10, PM25 and CO at nine air quality monitoring stations were analyzed from 2013 to 2015. The results showed that the AQIs were better than Level II, and the average IAQISO2、IAQINO2、IAQIPM10、IAQIPM25、IAQICO declined in these three years, indicating a good control of air pollutants. The seasonal variation exhibited that air quality was the worst in Winter while the best in Summer. The average IAQI during Spring Festival was significantly better than that of the whole winter, suggesting industry and traffic were probably the main contribution of air pollution. The spatial distribution of IAQISO2, IAQINO2, IAQIPM10, IAQIPM2.5, IAQICO were higher in the urban area but lower in the suburb. The high AQI values mainly distributed in the urban center and northeast of Guiyang City