Abstract: A field experiment was set up to explore the effects of different application rates of soil conditioners on soil nutrients, texture, microaggregates, enzyme activity and microbial abundance in cadmium contaminated paddy fields. Six treatments were tested in the experiment, including T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, corresponding to the addition of soil conditioners 0, 1 500, 3 000, 4 500, 6 000 and 7 500 kg·hm^-2. The results showed that the soil conditioner, soil pH (0.66% ~ 6.75%), bulk density (0.97% ~ 9.71%), cation exchange capacity (22.68% ~ 64.45%), alkaline nitrogen (7.94% ~ 29.26%) and available potassium (0.28% ~ 21.99%) were increased under different treatments. However, it has little effect on texture, available phosphorus and micro-aggregate composition. Which affects soil microbial environment, inhibited urease and catalase activity, the adundance of bacteria and actinomycetes. Soil conditioners reduced soil available cadmium (12.34% ~ 24.78%) and brown rice cadmium content (7.69% ~ 64.10%) by affecting soil physicochemical properties and microbial environment. The correlation analysis showed that the application rate was significantly positively correlated with soil pH, cation exchange capacity, alkaline nitrogen and available potassium, it was significantly negatively correlated with available phosphorus, urease and catalase, and had no significant correlation with soil available cadmium and brown rice cadmium. In summary, considering the effects of cadmium remediation, soil environmental impact and economic costs, T2 (3 000 kg·hm^-2) was the optimum treatment.