Abstract: The evaluation of habitat quality is of great significance to the protection of regional biodiversity and the sustainable development of ecological environment. This study explored the spatiotemporal changes of habitat quality in Four Lakes Basin of Jianghan Plain from 2000 to 2020 by means of invest model, spatial autocorrelation analysis and hotspot analysis, and integrated CA-Markov and InVEST models to simulate the habitat quality in 2030 under different scenarios. The results show that: (1) the spatial distribution of habitat quality degree in Four Lakes Basin is high in Northwest and Southeast, and low in central. The average value of habitat quality is decreasing from 0.497 7 in 2000 to 0.484 2 in 2020, and the intensity of habitat degradation is increasing. The maximum value of habitat degradation index is increasing from 0.155 5 to 0.159 3 in recent 20 years, and the spatial diffusion trend is obvious;(2) Habitat quality and habitat degradation have significant spatial agglomeration, with obvious cold and hot spots;(3) Compared with the results of habitat quality and habitat degradation degree under natural change scenario, the degradation intensity of ecological protection scenario is weaker, and the habitat quality is improved, which indicates that the implementation of ecological protection measures is conducive to the protection of regional biodiversity and the improvement of ecosystem services.