摘要： In recent years, the water environment problems in Tangxun Lake basin are frequent. With the effective implementation of point and non-point source pollution control engineering inTangxun Lake, the water quality was improved greatly, but there were relatively few studies on sediment internal pollution and treatment strategies in Tangxun Lake. In order to comprehensively understand the current situation of internal pollution in Tangxun Lake, this study focuseded on the spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in sediment and the release law of internal pollution of different lake area. and the controlling measures of internal pollution in Tangxun Lake were discussed. The results showed that: (1) The temporal and spatial difference of nutrient content in sediment of Tangxun Lake is obvious. The main pollutants were total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), organic matter, and the pollution depth was about 0.2-0.8 m, and the concentrations of those pollutants in winter were higher than that in summer. (2) The average release rates of TN, TP and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from surface sediments of Tangxun Lake were 91.77 mg/m2/d, 3.25 mg/m2/d and 1 391.45 mg/m²/d, respectively, and the release rates varied significantly among different lake areas. According to the present situation of sediment pollution and water quality of Tangxun Lake, we suggested that environmental dredging and in-situ sediment improvement could be carried out in the areas with serious internal pollution. In the late, the appropriate time sequence should be arranged to restore submerged vegetation in the appropriate area, so as to further control the release of internal pollution. This study can provide scientific basis for the implementation of internal pollution control and comprehensive water environment control of Tangxun Lake basin.