长江流域资源与环境 >> 2014, Vol. 23 >> Issue (07): 930-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201407006

• 自然资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于GIS空间自相关的江汉平原钉螺分布特征

常变蓉,李仁东,徐兴建,邱娟,易凤佳   

  1. (1中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,湖北 武汉 430077;2中国科学院大学,北京 100049;
    3湖北省疾病预防控制中心血吸虫病防治研究所,湖北 武汉 430079)
  • 出版日期:2014-07-20

ANALYSIS OF ONCOMELANIA HUPENSISS DISTRIBUTION #br# CHARACTERISTICS IN JIANGHAN PLAIN BASED ON #br# GIS SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION

CHANG Bianrong1,2,LI Rendong1,XU Xingjian3,QIU Juan1,2, YI Fengjia1,2   

  1. (1Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Science,Wuhan 430077,China;
    2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;
    3 Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079,China)
  • Online:2014-07-20

摘要:

基于江汉平原1990、1995、2000、2005、2009年5个年份行政村尺度的钉螺面积分布数据,借助ArcGIS软件平台建立了钉螺分布数据库,运用全局自相关、聚类和异常值分析及热点分析方法分析了1990~2009年5个年份的钉螺时空分布特征。结果显示钉螺分布总体上存在显著的空间自相关性,分布模式主要呈现高值聚类,仙桃与洪湖交界处一直都是钉螺分布的高发正热点区域,即钉螺分布面积比较多。从时间变化规律来看,1990、2000和2009年是钉螺分布模式和热点区域发生变化的重要时间节点。研究结果对于钉螺扩散的防控、减少血吸虫病的传播有着重要的理论和现实意义

Abstract:

Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease in tropical and subtropical areas, has serious threats to human health Hubei Province is a serious infected area A large number of schistosomiasis patients distribute in Jianghan plain in this province According to annual schistosomiasis statistics, the number of schistosomiasis patients in Jianghan plain made up approximately 90 percent of the population of schistosomiasis patients in Hubei Province So, the difficulty of controlling Oncomelania hupensis in Jianghan plain is both general and representative in our country In recent years, the achievements of schistosomiasis control work are remarkable in Hubei Province, but outbreaks still occur Some efforts have to be made to achieve the goal of interrupting schistosomiasis transmission Oncomelania hupensis serves as the only intermediate hosts, whose distribution is strongly associated with the transmission of schistosomiasis So, accurate understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis and discovering environment factors that affect the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis from the results is advantageous to the prevention and control of Oncomelania hupensis diffusion, which can provide spatial analysis and supported decision for department of schistosomiasis control quickly In this paper, we applied ArcGIS to establish the Oncomelania hupensiss distribution database based on Oncomelania hupensiss area distribution data in Jianghan plain for five years from 1990 to 2009 The global autocorrelation analysis, cluster and outlier analysis and hot spot analysis are applied to present the spatialtemporal distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2009 The results of global autocorrelation analysis with time series data based on GIS indicate that the distribution areas of Oncomelania hupensis are highly clustered from 1990 to 2009 The cluster and outlier analysis showed that different villages present the distributional patterns of Oncomelania hupensis as follows. The high values are clustering(HH),the high value is mainly surrounded by low value(HL) and the low value is mainly surrounded by the high value(LH), and the number of villages with HH type is large The distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in other administrative villages without statistical significance is randomly distributed And the spatial positions of different distribution patterns are displayed obviously “Positive hot points” areas of high distribution rate are identified in this area The distribution of Oncomelania hupensis is larger in adjacent area between Xiantao and Honghu for five years Besides, the results of spatial autocorrelation analysis show that there are some timevarying regulations about distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis from 1990 to 2009 Its much cluster before 2000 The distribution patterns and hotspot area of Oncomelania hupensis in 1990 is different from other four years But its similar in 1995 and 2000, 2005 and 2009 respectively Thus, 1990, 2000 and 2009 is the important timing notes The results of the research are of great theoretical and practical significance for controlling the diffusion Oncomelania hupensis and reducing the spread of schistosomiasis

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