长江流域资源与环境 >> 2014, Vol. 23 >> Issue (s): 60-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj2014Z1009

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于GIS和地统计学的淮南矿区土壤重金属含量与空间分布研究

王晓辉,杨 晨   

  1. (安徽省环境科学研究院,安徽 合肥 230000)
  • 出版日期:2014-11-26

RESEARCH ON THE CONTENT AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOIL HEAVY METALS IN HUAINAN MINING AREA BASED ON GIS AND GEOSTATISTICS

WANG Xiaohui,YANG Chen   

  1. (Research Academy of Environmental Sciences of Anhui,Hefei 230000,China)
  • Online:2014-11-26

摘要:

基于70个表层土壤样品重金属实测含量,运用多元统计和地统计相结合的方法,对淮南矿区土壤重金属含量的分布特征和来源进行分析。分析结果表明,研究区土壤重金属Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Hg的平均含量分别为0114、72406、26563、2988、25633、0039 mg/kg,均没有超过国家土壤环境质量一级标准,其中Cd和Pb的平均含量超过了淮南市土壤背景值。各元素均有部分样品含量超过国家土壤环境质量一级标准和淮南市土壤背景值,以Cd、Hg和Pb相对较为显著,最大超标倍数分别为43、241和0565。相关分析和因子分析结果显示,各元素超标部分的来源可分为两类,Cr、Cu和Ni为一类;Pb、Cb和Hg为一类,分析各重金属空间分布图发现,第一类元素的超标部分主要位于潘三矿和新庄孜矿区,主要原因是煤矸石山在降水作用下发生风化和淋溶,矸石内部的重金属元素淋出而进入周边土壤和水体,并发生迁移和富集,造成了严重的重金属污染;第二类元素超标部分位于新庄孜矿所在老城区,主要是由城镇内的工业生产、交通运输、农药使用和城市垃圾所导致

Abstract:

Based on the 70 surface soil samples with content of heavy metals measured,combining multivariate statistical and geostatistical methods,the distribution characteristics and sources of soil heavy metal contents in Huainan mining area were analyzed.Analysis results indicated that average content of soil heavy metals Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Hg of the study area were 0114,72406,26563,2988,25633,0039 mg/kg respectively,which did not exceed the national soil environmental quality primary standards,and the average contents of Cd and Pb exceeded the Huainan soil background values.Part of the samples of each heavy metal exceeded the national soil environmental quality primary standards and Huainan soil background values,and Cd,Hg and Pb were relatively obvious with the exceeding times of 43,241 and 0565 respectively.Correlation analysis and factor analysis showed that the sources of exceeding part for each heavy metal could be divided into two categories,Cr,Cu and Ni as one class,Pb,Cb and Hg as the other class.Analysis of the spatial distribution of heavy metals found that the exceeding part of the first category heavy metals were mainly located in the Pan three mine and the Xinzhuangzi mine,mainly because coal gangue was weathered and leached under the effects of precipitation,and heavy metals in Gangue internal were leached into the surrounding soil and water,and then the migration and enrichment were occurred,which finally caused serious heavy metal pollution.The exceeding part of the second category heavy metals were mainly located in the old urban of the Xinzhuangzi mine,which was caused mainly by the towns industrial production,transportation,pesticides usage and the city garbage

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