长江流域资源与环境 >> 2016, Vol. 25 >> Issue (10): 1603-1610.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201610015
苏溪阳1, 张敏1, 于晨1, 李超1, 徐军2
SU Xi-yang1, ZHANG Min1, YU Chen1, LI Chao1, XU Jun2
摘要: 气候变暖已成为近几十年研究的热点,但是有关温度升高对螺类形态变化的研究还为数不多。利用中型室外模拟控制系统(Mesocosm)模拟百年之后长江中下游地区浅水湖泊水生态系统,实验设置对照组与升温组两个处理,以此探求水体温度升高对铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)形态的影响。应用几何形态测量学得到铜锈环棱螺壳高、壳宽、轮廓面积与周长4个形态参数,并分别与质量进行回归分析。通过协方差分析比较两种处理回归方程的差异,发现螺类周长随温度升高发生显著变化,同时升温增加了螺类春季个体增补数量。升温对于螺类形态变化影响体现在以下3方面:升温显著增加了铜锈环棱螺的密度,加剧了种群个体间竞争,促使性成熟个体趋于小型化;升温改变铜锈环棱螺食物质量,通过影响螺类生长过程对螺类形态变化产生作用;升温改变了水体pH值,进而影响螺类外壳的钙化率和水体中钙可利用程度,对螺类外壳形成产生直接的影响,最终导致螺类形态变化。
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