长江流域资源与环境 >> 2018, Vol. 27 >> Issue (09): 2022-2031.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201809013

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

昆明市中部城-郊-乡土地梯度带的划分及景观分异

何云玲,张淑洁,李同艳   

  1. (云南大学资源环境与地球科学学院,云南 昆明 650201)
  • 出版日期:2018-09-20 发布日期:2018-11-01

Division of Urban-Rural Gradient and Analysis of Landscape Structure in Central Kunming

HE Yun-ling, ZHANG Shu-jie, LI Tong-yan   

  1.  (College of Resource Environment and Earth Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650201, China)
  • Online:2018-09-20 Published:2018-11-01

摘要: 基于遥感影像,分别采用监督分类、目视解译的方法获取昆明市土地利用数据,并利用地理信息系统(ArcGIS 10.2)和景观格局分析软件(Fragstats 4.2),选用4个城市化指标,并用SPSS22.0软件进行主成分分析(PCA)和多元线性回归分析,构建城-郊-乡梯度模型,对研究区域城-郊-乡土地梯度带划分及景观分异进行研究。结果表明:(1)所选用的城市化物理指标和景观指标,能够用于城市化水平基础上的城-郊-乡梯度划分;(2)随着城-郊-乡梯度的变化,城市化各指标值呈现逐渐减小的趋势,城区的不透水下垫面面积比例(80%左右)、道路网密度(14 km/km2左右)、景观形状指数、香农多样性指数均最高;(3)昆明市各区内的城市化指数UI平均值表现为:官渡区>五华区>西山区>盘龙区,其中官渡区的变异系数最小,五华区的变异系数最大;(4)昆明市中部总体来说城市区域的发展较为集中,郊区与城区的分界并不明显,其主要原因可能是受地形因素的限制。

Abstract: The urban-rural gradient is an effective technique to examine spatial pattern and processes of urbanization. Quantitative studies on interaction between landscape pattern and function of urban ecosystem have become the core issues of landscape ecosystem in city. Based on remote sensing images, geographic information system (ArcGIS 10.2) and landscape pattern analysis (Fragstats 4.2), four indicators commonly used including physical variables and landscape metrics were calculated in this paper. Principal components analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to build the urban-rural gradient model to assess the urbanization level of central Kunming in a direction and the differentiation of landscapes. The results showed as follows: (1) Urbanization indicators can be used to describe the level of urbanization. The gradient of urban-rural showed spatial differentiation. (2) With the change of urban-rural gradient, the index values of urbanization showed a decreasing trend. The proportion of impervious underlying surface area (80%), density of road network (14 km/km2), landscape shape index and Shannon diversity index were the highest in the urban region. (3)The average of urbanization index UI in district of Kunming was showed that: Guandu>Wuhua>Xishan>Panlong, and the variation coefficient was smallest for Guandu ,and largest for Wuhua. (4) The development of urban area in central Kunming is more concentrated, the dividing line between the suburbs and the city is not obvious. The main reason may be restricted by orographic factors.

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