长江流域资源与环境 >> 2018, Vol. 27 >> Issue (12): 2839-2847.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201812020

•　生态环境　• 上一篇    下一篇

基于排污权的闽江流域跨界生态补偿研究

邱  宇1, 陈英姿1, 饶清华2, 林秀珠2, 陈文花3   

  1. (1.吉林大学东北亚研究院，吉林 长春 130012；2.近海流域环境测控治理福建省高校重点实验室，福建 福清 350300； 3.福建省环境监测中心站，福建 福州 350003)
  • 出版日期:2018-12-20 发布日期:2018-12-29

Trans-regional Eco-Compensation Research of Minjiang River Basin Based on Pollution Rights

QIU Yu1 , CHEN Ying-zi1 , RAO Qing-hua2 , LIN Xiu-zhu2 , CHEN Wen-hua3   

  1. (1. Northeast Asian Studies College, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;2. Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control System for Offshore Environment, Fujian Province University, Fuqing 350300, China; 3. Fujian Environmental Monitoring Center, Fuzhou 350003, China)
  • Online:2018-12-20 Published:2018-12-29

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摘要： 为建立兼顾公平与效率的流域生态补偿机制，科学合理的测算生态补偿额，从经济学角度构建基于排污权的流域跨界生态补偿模型。以福建省境内的闽江流域为例，分别测算流域各城市2011～2015年理论排污权和排污权损失，核定生态补偿额。结果表明：各城市生态补偿总额存在明显的年际变化，福州作为闽江流域的下游城市，其生态补偿总额根据上游城市南平、泉州、宁德的污染物排放情况而定；南平、三明作为闽江流域中游城市，生态补偿总额根据上游城市以及自身的水污染物排放情况而定；泉州、龙岩、宁德作为闽江流域上游城市，生态补偿总额主要根据自身排放的污染物情况而定。研究结果可为福建省乃至全国跨界流域补偿总量测算的研究实施提供参考借鉴。结合闽江流域生态补偿测算结果，提出了明确生态补偿主客体、兼顾上下游利益、建立流域排污权制度等完善流域生态补偿机制的建议。

Abstract: In order to establish a watershed eco-compensation mechanism with fairness and efficiency, calculate eco-compensation amount scientific and reasonable, an eco-compensation model of river basin transboundary based on emission rights are constructed from the angle of economics. Taking the Minjiang River Basin in Fujian Province for example, theoretical emissions and the loss of emissions in 2011-2015 were calculated, and the amount of eco-compensation was checked. The results indicated that the total amount of eco-compensation in each city exhibit obvious annual variations. As the downstream city of the Minjiang River Basin, the total amount of eco-compensation in Fuzhou was based on the discharge of pollutants in the upstream cities of Nanping, Quanzhou and Ningde. Nanping and Sanming cities are located on the middle reaches of the Minjiang River Basin, The total amount of eco-compensation was determined by the upstream cities and their own water pollutant emissions. As the upstream city of the Minjiang River Basin, the total amount of eco-compensation in Quanzhou, Longyan and Ningde cities was mainly based on their own pollutants. According to this eco-compensation calculation results, the writers put forward suggestions to improve the River Basin eco-compensation mechanism: specifying the subject and object of eco-compensation; giving consideration to both upstream area and downstream area interests; establishing the regulations of river basin pollution rights.

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