Abstract: Based on the 96 gauges’ long series of rainfall data from 1956 to 2016 in the Hanjiang River Basin, the spatiotemporal variability characteristics of flood season precipitation are diagnosed in terms of mathematical statistics. The study found that no statistically significant trends of the flood season rainfall for the whole basin were tested, but there was a strong mutation in 1989 with major shock cycles of 22, 8 and 3 years. Affected by climate and topography, the spatial distribution of precipitation in flood season is uneven. The southwest of upper reaches of basin and downstream of basin are regularly the rainfall centers. It is easy to form three kinds of spatial distribution patterns, including “radiation type”, “northsouth type” and “northeastsouthwest type” with variance contribution rates of 41.1%, 12.4% and 7.6%. In recent years, precipitation in the southwest (e.g.,Hanzhong, Ankang and Shennongjia areas)and downstream(e.g.,Tianmen and Xiantao regions) of Hanjiang River Basin have significant upward trends, while the precipitation in the northeast(e.g.,Shangzhou, Fengzhen)and Tangbaihe watershed have significant downward trends. The “northeastsouthwest” spatial distribution patterns of flood season rainfall is likely to be more significant. Spatiotemporal distribution and evolution characteristics of rainfall are directly related to the rational development and utilization of water resources. Through this research, we further deepen the understanding of the rainfall variation in the Hanjiang River Basin, and some results could be used as a reference for the watershed flood disaster response, rainfall flood resouces utilization and optimal allocation of water resources.