长江流域资源与环境 >> 2019, Vol. 28 >> Issue (06): 1491-1501.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201906023

• 自然灾害 • 上一篇    下一篇

汉江中下游流域土壤侵蚀高风险期及优先控制区协同分析

阮舒荷1,庄艳华2*,王立辉2,汤显强3,张亮2,杜耘2,洪松1*   

  1. (1. 武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北 武汉 430079;2. 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,湖北省面源污染防治工程技术研究中心,湖北 武汉 430077;3. 长江水利委员会长江科学院,湖北 武汉 430010)
  • 出版日期:2019-06-20 发布日期:2019-06-20

Cooperation Analysis of High-Risk Periods and Priotiry Control Areas of Soil Erosion in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Hanjiang River Basin

RUAN Shu-he1, ZHUANG Yan-hua2, WANG Li-hui2,TANG Xian-qiang3, ZHANG Liang2, DU Yun2, HONG Song1   

  1. (1. School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; 2. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Xlon-Point Source Pollution Control, Wuhan 430077, China; 3. Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan 430010, China)
  • Online:2019-06-20 Published:2019-06-20

摘要: 土壤侵蚀高风险期和优先控制区分别指土壤侵蚀发生的主要时段和区域。基于月尺度土壤侵蚀高风险期及优先控制区识别,对水土资源保护具有实践意义。基于USLE模型,定量分析汉江中下游流域不同月份土壤侵蚀时空分布特征,采用土壤侵蚀高风险期及优先控制区协同分析方法,先基于侵蚀量-时间曲线定量识别流域土壤侵蚀的高风险期,再基于侵蚀量-面积曲线识别高风险期内的优先控制区。结果表明,汉江中下游流域2010年土壤侵蚀具有集中分布特点,严重侵蚀区域主要集中在流域西北和东南地区,占流域面积的11.70%;轻度及以下侵蚀区域主要集中在流域东部和南部坡度较低的区域,占流域面积的88.30%。流域土壤侵蚀的高风险期为4月和7月,侵蚀量占全年的69.12%,其中,7月土壤侵蚀量最高,占全年的41.83%,4月土壤侵蚀量占全年的27.29%。汉江中下游流域高风险期内优先控制区占流域面积的12.22%,其侵蚀量达82.01%,优先控制区主要分布在流域北部、西部及东南部分县市。通过优先控制高风险期内的优先控制区域可以大大提高土壤侵蚀的控制效率。

Abstract: High-risk periods and priority control areas refer to the main periods and areas of soil erosion, respectively. Identification of high-risk periods and priority control areas of soil erosion on monthly scale has important practical significance for the protection of soil and water resources. Based on the USLE model, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of soil erosion in each month in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River Basin were analyzed quantitatively. By using the cooperation analysis of high-risk periods and priority control areas, the high-risk periods of soil erosion were identified quantitatively based on the erosion-period curve, and then the priority control areas in high-risk periods were identified based on the erosion-area curve. The results showed that the soil erosion in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River Basin in 2010 has the characteristic of concentrated distribution. The severe erosion areas were mainly distributed in the northwest and southeast of the basin, accounting for 11.70% of the basin area. The areas with mild and slight erosion were mainly distributed in the east and south of the basin with lower slopes, accounting for 88.30% of the basin area. The high-risk periods of soil erosion in the basin were months 4 and 7, and the amount of soil erosion accounted for 69.12% of the year. And the amount of soil erosion in July was the highest, accounting for 41.83% of the whole year, followed by April, accounting for 27.29% of the year. In the high-risk periods of soil erosion in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River Basin, the priority control areas accounted for 12.22% of the basin area, and the amount of the erosion reached 82.01% of the basin. The priority control areas were mainly distributed in the north, west and southeast of the basin. The control efficiency of soil erosion can be greatly improved by controlling priority control areas in high-risk periods.

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