Abstract: Whether the confirmation of farmland rights promotes the circulation of farmland is one of the focuses of debate in the academic circles at present. This paper seeks a consistent explanation from the way of confirmation of farmland rights. By constructing the theoretical analysis frame of “ways of farmland right confirmation”→“the incentive effect, the transaction cost effect, the price effect”→“farmers′ farmland transfer multidimensional decision”. Based on the data of 1 490 farmer households in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces, this paper makes an empirical analysis by using the method of propensity score matching and instrumental variables model. The results show that: The results show that: first, it is not appropriate to simply think that the confirmation of farmland right promotes or restrains the circulation of farmland, and the decision-making of farmland circulation of peasant households is related to different ways of confirmation of farmland right, the way of confirming “rights without area” has significantly increased the probability of farmland transfer, but the influence of that confirmation “both right and area” is not significant; second, the confirmation of the right of farmland mainly reduces the transaction costs by promoting the formalization of farmland transfer contract, the way of confirming “rights without area” further improves the transaction scope and the proportion of transferred area; third, neither the right confirmation nor the different ways has significantly promoted the growth of land rent.