长江流域资源与环境 >> 2019, Vol. 28 >> Issue (09): 2197-2206.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201909018

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

秦岭-淮河南北高温高湿天气时空演变分析

晏德莉1,2,延军平1,2*,李双双1,2,汪成博1,2,武亚群1,2,万佳1,2,王辉1,2#br#   

  1. (1.陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,陕西 西安 710119;
    2.陕西师范大学地理国家级实验教学师范中心,陕西 西安 710119)
  • 出版日期:2019-09-20 发布日期:2019-09-17

Spatiotemporal Evolution of High Temperature and Humidity in the North and South of the Qinling-Huaihe River

YAN De-li1,2, YAN Jun-ping1,2, LI Shuang-shuang1,2, WANG Cheng-bo1,2, WU Ya-qun1,2,WAN Jia1,2,WANG Hui1,2   

  1. (1.School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119,China;
    2.National Demonstration Center for Experimental Geography Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119,China)
  • Online:2019-09-20 Published:2019-09-17

摘要: 基于1960~2017年秦岭-淮河196个气象站点逐日最高温、最低温、相对湿度数据,以表观温度指数为基础,采用极点对称模态分解(ESMD)及专用气象要素空间插值软件ANUSPLIN,对秦岭-淮河南北高温高湿天气时空变化特征进行分析,进而利用小波相干方法探讨该区高温高湿天气与赤道东太平洋海温异常的多时间尺度响应关系。结果表明:(1) 以20世纪80年代中期及2010年为时间节点,秦岭-淮河以北及秦巴山区高温高湿天气日数呈“下降-缓慢上升-快速上升”阶段性变化特征,秦岭-淮河以南及淮河平原呈“下降-缓慢上升-下降”趋势;(2) 秦岭-淮河南北高温高湿天气呈“东多西少、南多北少”的空间分布特征,且影响范围向北扩大;(3)赤道东太平洋东部地区海温异常对秦岭-淮河南北各区高温高湿天气的影响比西部地区更显著且长时间周期尺度比短时间周期尺度更稳定。

Abstract: As an effect of global climate change, extreme temperature events occur frequently in most parts of China that have serious social and environmental impacts. The Qinling-Huaihe River, an important geographical dividing line between North and South China, belongs to ecologically fragile and climate sensitive areas that are vulnerable to extreme high temperatures. Based on the daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature and average relative humidity data from 1960 to 2017 in the north and south of the Qinling-Huaihe River,the Spatiotemporal variation characteristics of high temperature and humidity in the north and south of the Qinling-Huaihe river were investigated by using the apparent temperature index, combined with ESMD (Extreme-point Symmetric Mode Decomposition) trend analysis and special spatial interpolation software for meteorological elements-ANUSPLIN. The relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern equatorial Pacific and multi-time-scale response of high temperature and humidity were discussed using the wavelet coherence method. The results show that: (1) In terms of trend change, taking the mid-1980s and 2010 as the time node, the high temperature and humidity conditions show the characteristics of stage change in the north and south of the Qinling-Huaihe River. The north of Qinling-Huaihe River and Qinba Mountains show the trend of “descending-slowly rising-rising”, while the south of Qinling-Huaihe and Huaihe Plain show the trend of “descending-slowly rising-descending”. (2) In regard to spatial variation, the high temperature and humidity conditions in Qinling-Huaihe are characterized by “more east and less west, more south and less north”, and the influence of this pattern continues to expand northward. (3) The effect of the SST anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific on the northern Qinling-Huaihe River region is more significant than that in the western region. The long-term periodic scale is more stable than the short-term periodic scale. On the short-term scale of 2-8a, when the SST in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean is abnormally high, the high temperature and high humid weather in each region decrease. On the long-term scale of 14-16a, when the SST anomaly is high, the high temperature and humidity conditions in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and Qinba Mountains increase.

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