Abstract: New agricultural business entities can improve the level of agricultural specialization and scale, which is an important way to achieve green development of agriculture. In order to further explore its impact on the promotion of ecological agriculture technology, this study is based on a total of 930 micro survey data in Hubei, Hunan, and Anhui. Using the bivariate probit model and explanatory structure model, empirical analysis of the impact of new agricultural business entities on the promotion of ecological agricultural technology and its hierarchical relationship. This research shows:(1) The new agricultural business entity has a significant positive impact on the willingness and behavior of adopting rice and shrimp co-cultivation technology;(2) The willingness and behavior of agricultural cooperatives, large growers or family farms to adopt rice and shrimp co-cultivation technology are not significant, but the willingness and behavior of agricultural enterprises to adopt rice and shrimp co-cultivation technology have a significant positive impact;(3) In terms of impact level, Technical content, planting and breeding history and soil quality are the direct driving factors that affect the willingness and behavior of business entities to adopt,The age and topographical conditions are the deep-seated factors that affect the willingness and behavior of business entities to adopt.