Abstract: Based on the survey data of 1195 farmers in the Loess Plateau, the analysis framework of social interaction-trust-soil conservation technology was constructed. The exploration factor, binary logistic regression and KHB method were used to analyze and test the role and influence of social interaction on farmers' adoption of soil and water conservation technology. mechanism. The study found that: (1)The five dimensions of social interaction directly affect farmers' adoption of soil and water conservation technologies, and play an important role in improving the adoption rate of agricultural technology and improving the ecological environment; (2)Social interaction indirectly affects farmers through interpersonal trust, network trust and government trust. The use of soil and water conservation technology; (3)The total indirect effect of trust (0.735 3) is greater than the direct effect of social interaction (0.576 3), in which the interpersonal trust has the largest indirect effect value (0.394 7), the government trust second (0.220 3), the network trust is minimal (0.120 3). The study deepened the understanding of the relationship between farmers and the adoption of soil and water conservation technology, and suggested that the relevant departments should give full play to the positive role of social interaction and trust when formulating targeted policies in economic and social development and ecological security.