长江流域资源与环境 >> 2014, Vol. 23 >> Issue (s): 73-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj2014Z1011

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

太湖及主要入湖河流平水期水环境质量评价

张 清 ,孔 明 ,唐婉莹 ,张 路 ,尹洪斌 ,蔡永久 ,高俊峰   

  1. (1.南京理工大学,江苏 南京 210094;2.环保部南京环境科学研究所,江苏 南京 210042;3.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏 南京210008
  • 出版日期:2014-11-26

WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN THE SURFACE WATERS FROM TAIHU LAKE AND ITS MAIN TRIBUTARIES

ZHANG Qing1,KONG Ming2,TANG Wanying1,ZHANG Lu1,YIN Hongbin1,CAI Yongjiu3,GAO Junfeng3   

  1. (1.Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;2.Nanjing Institute of Envirinmental Science,Ministry of Environmental Protection,Nanjing 210042,China;3.State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China
  • Online:2014-11-26

摘要:

水环境质量评价是了解水质现状的基础,对区域水环境的管理起到重要的指导作用。以太湖及其主要入湖河流为研究对象,于平水期采集代表性断面水样,以营养盐(总磷、总氮、氨氮)、叶绿素a和高锰酸盐指数等指标为基础,采用灰色聚类法对区域内水环境质量进行评价,并借助多元统计分析对研究区域内主要污染因子进行解析和识别。灰色聚类分析表明,秋季采样断面(2012年10月)中63%的河道断面和36%的湖泊样点超过我国地表水3级标准,而在春季(2013年4月)采样断面中,100%的河道断面和64%的湖泊样点超过地表水3级标准。该结果同时也表明春季河道污染物质的输入是导致太湖水质恶化的主要原因,并可能对太湖蓝藻暴发起到推动作用,因此需加强对蓝藻暴发前期太湖入湖河道水环境的管理。为便于水环境管理将河道和湖泊采样断面依据聚类分析法划归为高、中、低三类;同时主成分分析表明,氮、磷依旧是影响太湖流域水质空间变异的主要污染因子

Abstract:

Water quality assessment is the basis of knowing of the water quality status,which plays an important role in the management of regional water environment.In this study,surface water samples were collected from Lake Taihu and its main tributary in evenwater period.Grey clustering method was applied to evaluate regional water quality based on physical indicators (transparency,dissolved oxygen),nutrients (total nitrogen,total phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen),chlorophyll a and permanganate index.Multivariate statistical method was used to analyze and identify pollution factors.The results showed that the overall water quality of Lake Taihu and its main tributaries were in inferior status and the concentrations of pollutants  in most of the sampling sites (63% of the river water and 36% of the lake water in Autumn,2012 and 100% of the river water and 64% of the lake water in Spring,2013) exceeded the established water quality standards (Ⅲ).The results indicated that pollutants from the input rivers contributed a lot to the algal bloom in Lake Taihu in spring.Hence,more consideration should be taken to manage the water input from the inflouv rivers before algal bloom in Lake Taihu.To help better manage water environment,the sampling sites were classified into high,middle and low standards.Principal component analysis showed that nitrogen and phosphorus were still the main factors that affected water quality in Taihu watershed

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