船舶螺旋桨射流对湘江河床底泥扰动影响分析

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201511017

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2015, Vol. 24 >> Issue (11): 1929-1934.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201511017

船舶螺旋桨射流对湘江河床底泥扰动影响分析

胡旭跃^1,2, 余志^1,2, 万家高¹, 沈小雄^1,2, 许足怀³

1. 长沙理工大学水利工程学院, 湖南长沙 410004;
2. 湖南省水沙科学与水灾害防治重点实验室, 湖南长沙 410004;
3. 湖南省水运管理局, 湖南长沙 410012

收稿日期:2015-01-20 修回日期:2015-04-30 出版日期:2015-11-20
通讯作者: 胡旭跃,E-mail:huxuyue62@163.com E-mail:huxuyue62@163.com
作者简介:胡旭跃(1962~),男,教授,博士.主要从事河流工程及航道工程技术方面研究.
基金资助:
交通部科技课题资助项目“受长江来水顶托湘江河湖两相高等级航道整治关键技术研究”(20113280001570);国家自然科学基金项目(51079009)

AN ANALYSE ON THE EFFECT OF PROPELLER JET FLOW ON THE XIANGJIANG RIVERBED SEDIMENT DISTURBANCE

HU Xu-yue^1,2, YU Zhi^1,2, WAN Jia-gao¹, SHEN Xiao-xiong^1,2, XU Zu-huai³

1. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Flood and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Provice, Changsha 410004, China;
3. Hunan Province administration of Water Transportiaion, Changsha 410012, China

Received:2015-01-20 Revised:2015-04-30 Online:2015-11-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 船舶航行时螺旋桨产生的射流会对河道水流产生扰动,这种扰动是否能引起河床底泥的再悬浮需要更深入的论证分析。通过对比分析螺旋桨射流发展规律的研究成果,以湘江典型河段为研究对象,结合实船测量结果和此段河流地质资料,探讨了螺旋桨射流对湘江长株潭段河床底泥扰动的影响,并对此段河床底泥起动和悬浮条件进行了理论分析。结果表明:在周围环境流速较低的条件下,螺旋桨射流初始速度、河床水深及泥沙粒径是决定泥沙是否运动的主要因素。湘江长株潭河段已基本库区化,大部分河道平均水深远大于航道的标准水深2.8 m,河床泥沙平均粒径大于0.87 mm,其中细颗粒泥沙很少,由于螺旋桨射流断面平均流速小于泥沙起动流速,悬浮指标计算值远大于4,因此可以判断船舶正常航行在该段河流时底泥难以起动和再悬浮。

关键词: 螺旋桨, 射流, 底泥扰动, 再悬浮, 泥沙起动

Abstract: Jet flow generated by the tail propeller can cause disturbance to river flows, and a further analysis is required to investigate whether such disturbance will result in re-suspension of bed sediment. Then,a comparative analysis was conducted on the research findings on the development rule of propeller jet flow .Meanwhile, a typical section of Xiangjiang River was chosen as an instance, and results from observing and measuring the prototype of propeller jet flow in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan section of Xiangjiang River were combined, together with geological survey data about the bed in this section. Also, the conditions for bed sediment incipient motion and suspension in this river section were calculated and analyzed, so as to determine whether the propeller jet flow affects the bed bottom sediment. The calculated results suggest that when the ambient velocity is low, the initial velocity of propeller jet flow, the water depth of riverbed and the sediment grain size are the main factors that determine the existence of sediment movement. The Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan section of Xiangjiang River basically become a reservoir;the average water depth in most river channels is much larger than the standard depth (2.8 m);the average gain size of bed sediment in this section exceeds 0.87 mm, and there is little fine-grained sediment;calculation and analysis of the disturbance caused by propeller jet flow in dry season shows that the mean velocity on the jet flow cross-section is less than the sediment incipient velocity;the sediment suspension indicator is above 4 in most cases. The above suggests that the possibility of bed sediment incipient motion and sediment re-suspension occurrence is tiny small in this section. Therefore, it can be judged that the influence on bed bottom sediment is negligible during normal ship navigation in this reservoir area.

Key words: propeller, jet flow, disturbance of bottom sediment, re-suspension, sediment incipient motion

中图分类号:

胡旭跃, 余志, 万家高, 沈小雄, 许足怀. 船舶螺旋桨射流对湘江河床底泥扰动影响分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 24(11): 1929-1934.

HU Xu-yue, YU Zhi, WAN Jia-gao, SHEN Xiao-xiong, XU Zu-huai. AN ANALYSE ON THE EFFECT OF PROPELLER JET FLOW ON THE XIANGJIANG RIVERBED SEDIMENT DISTURBANCE[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2015, 24(11): 1929-1934.

参考文献

[1] SMART M M, RADA R G, NIELSEN D N, et al. The effect of commercial and recreational traffic on the resuspension of sediment in Navigation Pool 9 of the Upper Mississippi River[J]. Hydrobiologia, 1985, 26: 263-274.
[2] CHURCHILL J H. The effect of commercial trawling on sediment resuspension and transport over the Middle Atlantic Bight continental shelf[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1989, 9(9): 841-865.
[3] NEDOHIN D N, ELEFSINIOTIS P. The effects of motor boats on water quality in shallow lakes[J]. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 1997, 61(1/4): 127-133.
[4] ALBERTSON M L, DAI Y B, JENSEN R A, et al. Diffusion of submerged jets[J]. Transcript of the ASCE, 1950, 115(2409): 639-697.
[5] LAM W, HAMIL G A, SONG Y C, et al. A review of the equations used to predict the velocity distribution within a ship's propeller jet[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2010, 38(1): 1-10.
[6] PROSSER M J. Propeller Induced Scour, BHRA Project RP A01415[Z]. The Fluid Engineering Centre, Canfield, 1986.
[7] BLAAUW H G, VAN DE KAA E J. Erosion of Bottom and Sloping Banks Caused by the Screw race of Manoeuvring Ships[M]. Netherlands: Delft Hydraulics Laboratory, 1978: 25-28.
[8] HAMILL G A. Characteristics of the screw wash of a manoeuvring ship and the resulting bed scour[D]. Northern Ireland: Queen's University Belfast, 1987.
[9] STEWART D P J. Characteristics of a ship's screw wash and the influence of quay wall proximity[D]. Northern Ireland: Queen's University Belfast, 1992.
[10] HASHMI H N. Erosion of a granular bed at a quay wall by a ship's screw wash[D]. Northern Ireland: Queen's University Belfast, 1993.
[11] 王元战,梁鹏飞,张宝华,等.船舶尾流冲刷作用下抛石基床块石稳定性计算方法研究[J].水道港口,2011,32(6):381-388.
[12] ABRAMOWICZ-GERIGK T.Distribution of flow velocity generated by propellers of twin propeller vessel[J].Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin,2010, 20(92): 5-12.
[13] 武汉水利电力学院,河流泥沙工程学教研室.河流泥沙工程学(上册)[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1981:51-52.
[14] 钱宁,万兆惠.泥沙运动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:215-216.
[15] 张瑞璟,谢鉴衡,王明甫,等.河流泥沙动力学[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1998:99-100.
[16] 钱宁,谢鉴衡.泥沙手册[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1992:193-194.
[17] 郝品正,普晓刚.湘江株洲航电枢纽坝区河段河床变形预报试验研究[J].泥沙研究,2005(4):35-40.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed