长江流域资源与环境 >> 2016, Vol. 25 >> Issue (05): 702-707.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201605002

• 区域可持续发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

重庆市公路网络通达性格局研究

陈春1,2, 王秉德1, 沈昊婧2   

  1. 1. 重庆交通大学建筑与城市规划学院, 重庆 400074;
    2. 北京大学不动产研究鉴定中心, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-06 修回日期:2015-12-07 出版日期:2016-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 沈昊婧 E-mail:shenhj23@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈春(1979~),女,副教授,主要研究方向为城市与区域规划.E-mail:chenchun@pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41201178);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2012BAJ22B00);重庆市基础与前沿研究计划(cstc2014jcyjA0808)

RESEARCH ON ACCESSIBILITY PATTERN OF THE ROAD NETWORK IN CHONGQING

CHEN Chun1,2, WANG Bing-de1, SHEN Hao-jing2   

  1. 1. School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China;
    2. The Centre of Real Estate Research and Appraisals, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Received:2015-09-06 Revised:2015-12-07 Online:2016-05-20
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (41201178);Key Project of National "Twelfth Five-Year" Plan for Science & Technology Support Program (2012BAJ22B00);Basic and Advanced Research Project in Chongqing (cstc2014jcyjA0808)

摘要: 以重庆市38个区县公路网络为研究对象,以最短距离为原则,在构建公路网络拓扑结构的基础上,计算加权平均旅行时间指标和通达性系数来衡量城市通达性水平的高低,并对通达性水平的特点和空间格局进行分析。结论如下:(1)38个区县的通达性水平呈现出"放射状同心圆"特征,以重庆市主城区为圆心,随着同心圆的半径增加,通达性水平逐渐降低,形成明显的环状分异态势; (2)路网的拓扑连接水平较低,路网等级体系不够完善,网络的辐射效率不高,网络结构相对脆弱,网络的有效性较低; (3)高等级路网发育不均衡,区县间出现通达性差异很大的现象,影响区域的协调发展。

关键词: 公路网络, 通达性, 重庆

Abstract: The road networks of 38 counties in Chongqing were chosen as the research object in this paper. Under the principle of the shortest distance and on the basis of the road network topology structure, the weighted average travel time index and the accessibility coefficient were calculated to measure the accessibility level and its spatial pattern of the road networks in Chongqing. The conclusions are as follows:(1) The accessibility of the 38 counties shows the characteristics of the radial concentric circles with the main urban area as the center of the circle. With the increase of the radius from the concentric circle, accessibility level gradually reduces and forms obvious annular differentiation situation. The main districts and the near districts and counties around maintain high accessibility level and the accessibility level gradually reduces with the increase of distance, while the remote districts and counties have low accessibility and inconvenient transportation.(2) The level of road network topological connectivity is low, which leads to the system of the level of road network not perfect enough and low efficiency of the network radiation. The transportation axis with high connectivity are scarce and the dense parts are mainly distributed in the main districts, which contributes to relatively weak network structure and low effectiveness of the network. The overall network is low and "blind spots" exist in the network the high grade road, which weakens the efficiency and level of the existing network. The road network is expected to extend and expand. (3) The network of the high grade road is in disequilibrium, which leads to sharp differences in the accessibility among different districts and counties affecting the regional coordinated development. High grade road especially highway has significant impacts on regional accessibility. The expressway ring built up in the main districts extends outward presenting a radiation structure. The core city circle has high accessibility, but the radiation area is limited.

Key words: road network, accessibility, Chongqing

中图分类号: 

  • K902
[1] WEIBULL J W. On the numerical measurement of accessibility[J]. Environment and Planning A, 1980, 12(1):53-67.
[2] HANSEN W G. How accessibility shapes land use[J]. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 1959, 25(2):73-76.
[3] BIGMAN D, DEICHMANN U. Spatial indicators of access and fairness for the location of public facilities[M]//BIGMAN D, FOFACK H. Geographical Targeting for Poverty Alleviation:Methodology and Applications. Washington, DC, USA:World Bank, 2000.
[4] BAXTER R S, LENIZ G. The measurement of relative accessibility[J]. Regional Studies, 1975, 9(1):15-26.
[5] VICKERMAN R. Location, accessibility and regional development:the appraisal of trans-European networks[J]. Transport Policy, 1995, 2(4):225-234.
[6] DUPUY G, STRANSKY V. Cities and highway networks in Europe[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 1996, 4(2):107-121.
[7] LINNEKER B, SPENCE N. Road transport infrastructure and regional economic development:the regional development effects of the M25 London orbital motorway[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 1996, 4(2):77-92.
[8] VICKERMAN R, SPIEKERMANN K, WEGENER M. Accessibility and economic development in Europe[J]. Regional Studies, 1999, 33(1):1-15.
[9] LI S M, SHUM Y M. Impacts of the national trunk highway system on accessibility in China[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2001, 9(1):39-48.
[10] GUTIÉRREZ J. Location, economic potential and daily accessibility:an analysis of the accessibility impact of the high-speed line Madrid-Barcelona-French border[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2001, 9(4):229-242.
[11] HARVEY G. Study of airport access mode choice[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 1986, 112(5):525-545.
[12] SKINNER R E. Airport choice:an empirical study[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 1976, 102(4):871-882.
[13] KOSTER P, KROES E, VERHOEF E. Travel time variability and airport accessibility[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2011, 45(10):1545-1559.
[14] 陈静云. 区域综合交通网络通达性研究[D]. 北京:北京交通大学硕士学位论文, 2009. [CHEN J Y. Study on regional comprehensive traffic network accessibility[D]. Beijing:Master Dissertation of Beijing Jiaotong University, 2009.]
[15] 曹小曙, 薛德升, 阎小培. 中国干线公路网络联结的城市通达性[J]. 地理学报, 2005, 60(6):903-910. [CAO X S, XUE D S, YAN X P. A study on the Urban accessibility of national trunk highway system in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005, 60(6):903-910.]
[16] 陈少沛, 李 勇, 庄大昌, 等. 广东区域公路网络的城市通达性度量及空间特征分析[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2014, 16(6):907-914. [CHEN S P, LI Y, ZHUANG D C, et al. Regional accessibility measurement and spatial characteristics analysis based on road networks in Guangdong Province[J]. Journal of Geo-Information Science, 2014, 16(6):907-914.]
[17] 李 红, 李晓燕, 吴春国. 中原城市群高速公路通达性及空间格局变化研究[J]. 地域研究与开发, 2011, 30(1):55-58. [LI H, LI X Y, WU C G. Study on highway accessibility and spatial layout alteration of Central China Urban agglomeration[J]. Areal Research and Development, 2011, 30(1):55-58.]
[18] 李沛权, 曹小曙. 广佛都市圈公路网络通达性及其空间格局[J]. 经济地理, 2011, 31(3):371-378. [LI P Q, CAO X S, The road network accessibility and spatial pattern of Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area[J]. Economic Geography, 2011, 31(3):371-378.]
[19] 李玉森, 王 利. 辽宁省干线公路网络通达性研究[J]. 资源开发与市场, 2012, 28(2):122-125. [LI Y S, WANG L. Study on accessibility of highway network in Liaoning Province[J]. Resource Development & Market, 2012, 28(2):122-125.]
[20] 梅志雄, 徐颂军, 欧阳军. 珠三角公路通达性演化及其对城市潜力的影响[J]. 地理科学, 2013, 33(5):513-520. [MEI Z X, XU S J, OUYANG J. Road network accessibility and its influence on city potential in Zhujiang River delta[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2013, 33(5):513-520.]
[21] 任启龙, 王 利, 秦沅村. 东北经济区高速公路网络通达性研究[J]. 地理空间信息, 2014, 12(4):127-129. [REN Q L, WANG L, QIN Y C. Accessibility of express way in northeast economic zone[J]. Geospatial Information, 2014, 12(4):127-129.]
[22] 王成金, 王 伟, 张梦天, 等. 中国道路网络的通达性评价与演化机理[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(10):1496-1509. [WANG C J, WANG W, ZHANG M T, et al. Evolution, accessibility of road networks in China and dynamics:from a long perspective[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(10):1496-1509.]
[23] 张小平, 刘效龙, 冯长春. 河南省公路网络可达性与城市发展的关系研究[J]. 国土与自然资源研究, 2013(5):3-7. [ZHANG X P, LIU X L, FENG C C. Research on relationship between the highway network accessibility and urban development in Henan[J]. Territory & Natural Resources Study, 2013(5):3-7.]
[24] 吴 威, 曹有挥, 梁双波. 20世纪80年代以来长三角地区综合交通可达性的时空演化[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010, 29(5):619-626. [WU W, CAO Y H, LIANG S B. Temporal and spatial evolution of integrated transport accessibility in the Yangtze River Delta:1986-2005[J]. Progress in Geography, 2010, 29(5):619-626.]
[25] 王武林, 王妙妙, 曹小曙. 1978-2012年武陵山区公路通达性演化及其对经济发展的影响[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(9):1755-1769. [WANG W L, WANG M M, CAO X S. Evolution of road accessibility and its effects on economy development in Wuling Mountain areas from 1978 to 2012[J]. Geographical Research, 2015, 34(9):1755-1769.]
[1] 童小容, 杨庆媛, 毕国华, . 重庆市2000~2015年土地利用变化时空特征分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(11): 2481-2495.
[2] 杨雪婷, 方一平, 邱孝枰, 朱付彪. 川西山区交通与GDP的海拔梯度性及其相关关系[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2017, 26(04): 530-539.
[3] 崔王平, 李阳兵, 郭辉, 陈萌萌. 重庆市不同空间尺度建设用地演进特征与景观格局分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2017, 26(01): 35-46.
[4] 郭欢欢, 林坚, 孙芬, 王彦美. 桥梁-道路建设对西南山地城市扩展影响机制研究——以重庆嘉陵江两桥为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2017, 26(01): 47-54.
[5] 范垚, 杨庆媛, 马寅华, 罗明. 重庆市农用地整治项目时空分异特征研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(09): 1347-1357.
[6] 刘睿, 周李磊, 彭瑶, 嵇涛, 李军, 张虹, 戴技才. 三峡库区重庆段土壤保持服务时空分布格局研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(06): 932-942.
[7] 卢炜丽, 张洪江, 陈奇伯, 吴霖, 栗宏林. 重庆四面山杉木林优势种群径级结构与空间分布格局[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(05): 777-785.
[8] 李仕川, 郭欢欢, 侯鹰, 张孝成, 庞静. 土地集约利用空间分异研究中指标标准化方法研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 24(10): 1771-1778.
[9] 但尚铭, 安海锋, 但玻, 许辉熙, 杨玲, 陈刚毅. 基于AVHRR和DEM的重庆城市热岛效应分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2009, 18(7): 680-.
[10] 杨钟贤, 刘邵权, 苏春江. 汶川地震重灾区交通通达性分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2009, 18(12): 1166-.
[11] 李成范,刘岚, 周廷刚,张力, 吴忠芳. 基于定量遥感技术的重庆市热岛效应[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2009, 18(1): 60-.
[12] 李成范,刘岚, 周廷刚,张力, 吴忠芳. 基于定量遥感技术的重庆市热岛效应[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2009, 18(1): 60-60.
[13] 韩贵锋,徐建华. 人口与经济发展对植被的影响研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(5): 785-785.
[14] 张 虹. 三峡重庆库区消落区基本特征与生态功能分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(3): 374-374.
[15] 赵 伟,谢德体,刘洪斌,. 重庆市景观格局动态变化分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(1): 47-47.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 张 政, 付融冰| 杨海真, 顾国维. 水量衡算条件下人工湿地对有机物的去除[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2007, 16(3): 363 .
[2] 杨 选. 国内外典型水治理模式及对武汉水治理的借鉴[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2007, 16(5): 584 .
[3] 许素芳,周寅康. 开发区土地利用的可持续性评价及实践研究——以芜湖经济技术开发区为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2006, 15(4): 453 -457 .
[4] 郝汉舟, 靳孟贵, 曹李靖, 谢先军. 模糊数学在水质综合评价中的应用[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2006, 15(Sup1): 83 -87 .
[5] 李恒鹏,杨桂山,刘晓玫,万荣荣. 流域土地利用变化的长周期水文效应及管理策略[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2005, 14(4): 450 -455 .
[6] 刘耀彬, 李仁东. 现阶段湖北省经济发展的地域差异分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2004, 13(1): 12 -17 .
[7] 陈永柏,. 三峡工程对长江流域可持续发展的影响[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2004, 13(2): 109 -113 .
[8] 廖顺宝,李泽辉. 四川省人口分布与土地利用的关系及人口数据空间化试验[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2004, 13(6): 557 -561 .
[9] 翁君山,段 宁| 张 颖. 嘉兴双桥农场大气颗粒物的物理化学特征[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(1): 129 .
[10] 王书国,段学军,姚士谋. 长江三角洲地区人口空间演变特征及动力机制[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2007, 16(4): 405 .