基于生态位适宜度理念的城镇用地空间优化配置研究

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201703007

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2017, Vol. 26 >> Issue (03): 376-383.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201703007

基于生态位适宜度理念的城镇用地空间优化配置研究

李鑫¹, 肖长江^2,3, 欧名豪³, 楼淑瑜¹

1. 江苏师范大学地理测绘与城乡规划学院, 江苏徐州 221116;
2. 江西财经大学旅游与城市管理学院, 江西南昌 330013;
3. 南京农业大学土地管理学院, 江苏南京 210095

收稿日期:2016-07-12 修回日期:2016-10-12 出版日期:2017-03-20
通讯作者: 肖长江,E-mail:443666139@qq.com E-mail:443666139@qq.com
作者简介:李鑫(1986~),男,副教授,硕导,主要研究方向为土地资源优化配置.E-mail:topzcg@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41401627）；江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20140236）

URBAN LAND SPATIAL OPTIMIZED ALLOCATION BASED ON THE IDEA OF NICHE FITNESS

LI Xin¹, XIAO Chang-jiang^2,3, OU Ming-hao³, LOU Shu-yu¹

1. School of Geography, Geomatics & Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China;
2. School of Tourism and Urban Management, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economic, Nanchang 330013, China;
3. College of Land Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received:2016-07-12 Revised:2016-10-12 Online:2017-03-20
Supported by:
Project Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China;Foundation Research Project of Jiangsu Province

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城镇用地空间优化配置是地理学、城市规划学一直关注的话题，不仅关系着城镇空间形态，对土地资源整体利用效率也有重要影响。考虑空间单元自身属性的同时，城镇用地空间优化配置也应考虑邻域单元作用的“外溢性”，这与生态位适宜度中的“态”与“势”理念吻合，于是论文根据生态适宜度理论提出了一种城镇用地空间优化配置法，并通过Matlab编程予以实现，最后以扬州市区为例进行实证研究。结果显示：城镇用地空间优化配置不应只考虑空间单元自身属性，还要考虑空间连续性；单元自身属性是城镇用地空间优化配置的根本，可看作生态位适宜度中的“态”值；城镇用地扩张的空间连续性是通过单元作用的传递来实现，于是邻域单元的作用大小可看作生态位适宜度中的“势”值。本文基于生态位适宜度的城镇用地空间优化配置法综合考虑了单元自身属性与空间连续性两方面需求，具有较好科学性，可用于规划中城镇边界的划定。

关键词: 城镇用地, 空间优化配置, 生态位适宜度, 扬州市

Abstract: Urban land spatial optimization is the hot topic in the fields of geography and urban planning, which affects not only urban morphology, but also overall land use efficiency. Therefore, to optimize urban spatial structure and improve efficiency spatially, this research conducted urban land spatial optimization. Both the effects of internal factors of spatial units on urban land suitability and the influence of their neighbor units were taken into account. The status of neighbor units is expected to affect the possibility of being changed into urban land as the core unit, which is in accordance with the idea of niche fitness. Niche fitness was decided by the state and the potential of the niche, while the possibility of being converted into urban land was decided by the core unit itself and its neighbor jointly. Therefore, in this manuscript, a method of urban land spatial optimization based on niche theory was proposed. The method was realized by programming in Matlab and was applied for Yangzhou downtown as a case study. The results are as follows:urban land spatial optimization needs to consider the suitability of units and the demand of spatial continuity; unit fitness was the basic for urban land spatial optimization, thus deemed as state value in niche theory; spatial continuity was achieved by the propagation mechanism of unit effect, therefore the effect of neighbor unit is regarded as potential value in niche theory. The proposed method taking into account the interior factors of units and affects of neighbors during spatial allocation process is proved scientific and can achieve reasonable urban land layout, and could be used as an effective tool for urban growth boundary demarcation in spatial planning.

Key words: urban land, spatial optimized allocation, niche fitness, Yangzhou

中图分类号:

F323.2

李鑫, 肖长江, 欧名豪, 楼淑瑜. 基于生态位适宜度理念的城镇用地空间优化配置研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2017, 26(03): 376-383.

LI Xin, XIAO Chang-jiang, OU Ming-hao, LOU Shu-yu. URBAN LAND SPATIAL OPTIMIZED ALLOCATION BASED ON THE IDEA OF NICHE FITNESS[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2017, 26(03): 376-383.

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