Abstract: The change of the vegetation structure in Hubei Province is greatly affected by natural and human activities. Revealing the spatial change characteristics of the vegetation in Hubei Province is of great significance to the vegetation restoration and improvement. The spatial change and distribution pattern of the vegetation coverage in Hubei Province from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed based on MOD13Q1 NDVI data, and its response to climate change and human activities was revealed. The results show that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the change of vegetation coverage in Hubei Province shows an overall increasing trend. The increasing areas were concentrated in the northwest of Hubei Province, Shiyan, Shennongjia forest areas and Suizhou;(2) There is vegetation degradation in some areas of Hubei Province, and the degradation area first increased and then decreased. From 2000 to 2005, the areas of the vegetation restoration and improvement in Hubei Province were mainly concentrated in its northwest and southwest, and the areas of vegetation degradation were distributed around Wuhan, Xiangyang, Xiantao and Huangshi; from 2005 to 2010, the overall vegetation coverage of Hubei Province was relatively poor, and the degraded areas were distributed around the cities in the northwest and southeast, especially in Shiyan and Wuhan were more obvious. From 2010 to 2015, the vegetation degradation areas in Hubei province kept to decrease, distributed in the East and northwest; From 2015 to 2020, the vegetation shows a downward trend;(3) The vegetation coverage in the northeast, southwest and Xiangyang of Hubei Province is positively correlated with local temperature and precipitation. With the increase of altitude, the proportion of the positive and negative correlation between temperature, precipitation, wind speed and vegetation coverage gradually decreased; (4) human factors have a positive impact on the ecological environment of Hubei Province, and promote the restoration of local vegetation; They caused negative impact to the surrounding cities of Wuhan, Xiangyang, Jingzhou and other regions mainly.