Abstract: Studying the spatial pattern of urban consumer service industry development has important practical significance for increasing consumption demand, transforming the urban economic growth mode and promoting the high-quality development of the city. Based on POI data, the evaluation system of consumer service industry level was constructed. And then, the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of consumer service industry level in 130 cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt were analyzed by using variation coefficient, Theil index, ESDA and spatial Durbin model. The results show that: (1) the overall level of consumer services industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is not high, showing a distribution pattern of “high in the east and low in the west”; there are significant differences in the level of domestic consumer service industry among the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, which are the lower, middle and upper reaches from strong to weak. (2) The consumer service industry has significant global and local spatial autocorrelation characteristics, and the types of H-H and L-L clusters are more prominent, spatially expressing as “the high is constantly high, the low is constantly low”. (3) There are also obvious differences in the level of consumer service industry between and within urban agglomerations; the average level of consumer service industry in descending order is the Yangtze River Delta, Chengdu-Chongqing, Central Yunnan, Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River and Central Guizhou urban agglomeration; and the internal difference in descending order is the Chengdu-Chongqing, Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze River Delta, Central Yunnan and Central Guizhou urban agglomeration. (4) The enhancement of regional economic development, improvement of urbanization rate, optimization of industrial structure and increase of government financial expenditure exert positive effects on the improvement of consumer service industry level, and the rise of residents’ consumption level can effectively promote the development of consumer service industry in surrounding cities. (5) In the process of future urban development, it is necessary to not only actively implement urban renewal actions to improve the quality and efficiency of consumer service, but also to promote the market-oriented reform of consumer service to make the flow of various resources unimpeded.