长江流域资源与环境 >> 2010, Vol. 19 >> Issue (06): 678-.

• 湖泊资源与环境保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国五大湖秀丽白虾地理种群的形态差异与判别分析

张敏莹| 徐东坡| 刘凯| 段金荣| 施炜纲*   

  1. (农业部长江下游渔业资源环境重点野外科学观测试验站| 中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室| 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心| 江苏 无锡 214081)〖
  • 出版日期:2010-06-20

STUDY ON MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION AND DISCRIMINATION OF WHITE SHRIMP(〖WTHX〗EXOPALAEMON MODESTUS〖WTHZ〗 HELLER) AMONG POPULATIONS OF FIVE LARGE LAKES IN CHINA

ZHANG Minying| XU Dongpo| LIU Kai| DUAN Jinrong| SHI Weigang   

  1. (Ministry of Agriculture Key Field Station of Observation and Research for Fishery Resources and Environment of the Lower Reaches of Yangtze River; Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries; Freshwater Fisheries Research Center| Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences| Wuxi 214081| China)
  • Online:2010-06-20

摘要:

测量了326尾采自鄱阳湖、洞庭湖、太湖、巢湖和洪泽湖5个地理种群的秀丽白虾的8个形态学特征,经过校正后形成10个形态学比例参数。运用3种多元统计方法对不同地理种群间的形态差异进行了比较研究。主成分分析构建的前3个主成分的方差贡献率依次为31216%、21577%、15239%,累积贡献率为68032%,主成分分析结果表明5个地理种群间的形态差异主要取决于腹部宽/体长、腹部宽/腹部长和头胸甲宽/体长3个形态学特征;聚类分析结果表明,太湖种群最先和鄱阳湖种群聚成一类,随后与巢湖种群、洪泽湖种群聚集,最后才和洞庭湖种群聚集,说明太湖种群和鄱阳湖种群形态差异最小而和洞庭湖种群形态差异最大;建立了5个种群的判别函数,判别准确率为767%~967%,综合判别率为807% 。计算了差异系数,根据Mayr等提出的75%规则,认为不同地理种群间的形态差异还没有上升到亚种水平的差异。推测遗传差异和环境因子是不同种群秀丽白虾产生形态变异的主要原因.

Abstract:

White shrimps (〖WTBX〗Exopalaemon modestus〖WTBZ〗 Heller) were collected from Taihu Lake,Poyang Lake,Chaohu Lake,Hongze Lake and  Dongting Lake in China.Eight morphological traits of 326 shrimps were measured and ten morphological proportional parameters were formed after adjusting.Morphological variation among populations was calculated using three kinds of multivariate analysis techniques.The variance contribution ratios of the first three principal component were 31216%,21577% and 15239%,respectively,and the cumulate variance contribution ratio was 68032%.The results of principal component analysis showed that morphological variation among five populations lied mostly on three ratios of ventral width to body length,ventral width to ventral length and headcuirass width to body length.Cluster analysis showed that the populations from Taihu Lake and Poyang Lake formed a common cluster firstly,then Chaohu Lake,Hongze Lake and Dongting Lake joined to the cluster in turn,which revealed the least variations between Taihu Lake and Poyang Lake and the most variations between Taihu Lake and Dongting Lake.Discriminant functions were established for five populations.The discriminant accuracy was from 667% to 967% and the synthetic identification discriminant analysis accuracy was 807%.Coefficients of difference were calculated.According to Mayr’s  75% rule,the differences among different populations of 〖WTBX〗Exopalaemon modestus〖WTBZ〗 are stil1 within the population level and do not reach the subspecies level.Morphological differences between different populations appear to result from both genetic differences and environmental factors.

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