潮汐河口水库型饮用水水源地保护区划分技术方法

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2010, Vol. 19 >> Issue (2): 146-.

潮汐河口水库型饮用水水源地保护区划分技术方法

卢士强¹| 林卫青¹| 顾玉亮²| 李巍³| 张宏伟³| 丁玲^3

（1.上海市环境科学研究院| 上海 200233； 2.上海青草沙原水工程有限公司| 上海 200120； 3.上海勘测设计研究院| 上海 200434）

出版日期:2010-02-20

DELINEATION METHOD OF SOURCE PROTECTION ZONES FOR TIDAL ESTUARY RESERVOIR

LU Shiqiang^1| LIN Weiqing¹| GU Yuliang²| LI Wei³| ZHANG Hongwei³, DING Ling^3

(1.Shanghai Academy of Environmental Science, Shanghai |200233, China；2.Shanghai Qingcaosha Raw Water Ltd| Shanghai 200120, China； 3.Shanghai Investigation,Design &|Research Institute| Shanghai 200434, China)

Online:2010-02-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

长江口作为上海重要水源地，至今还没有依法划定水源保护区。目前国内的饮用水水源地保护区划分技术方法在潮汐河口水域应用时存在科学性差、适用性不强等问题。对国内外饮用水水源地保护区的划分方法进行了调研；研究了河口潮汐往复流特征、水污染排放、水环境特点，明确了河口水源库水质净化和防范突发污染事故风险的要求，提出了充分利用水库库区自净能力的划分原则和应用污染物最大流动距离法划分潮汐河口水库型水源地二级水源保护范围的技术方法。以氨氮作为特征因子分析水库的自净能力，认为库区作为一级保护区可以承担二级保护区的水质净化功能。以99%保证率的涨落潮流速并考虑季风的影响计算得到最大流动距离，并以此确定了青草沙水库的二级保护区范围上下游和横向边界范围。研究表明该方法概念清晰，简单实用，可靠性强。

关键词: 潮汐河口/水库水源地/保护区划分/最大流动距离法

Abstract:

The Yangtze Estuary is the most important drinking water source in Shanghai.However,the water source protection zone has not been delineated.At present,the domestic delineation methods of source protection zones have some disadvantages such as less scientific and less applicable,when it is used for source reservoir in tidal estuary.In this paper,reviews on the delineation methods of source protection zones were made.The characteristics of tidal estuary such as toandfor flow,susceptibility the accidental spillage,the demand of water purification and prevention from the risk for accident spill were analyzed.Then the principle of taking full use of the selfpurify capacity and the method of pollutant maximum travel distance were provided in the delineation of source protection zones.Taking ammonia as the control factor,the protection zone I of Qingcaosha Reservior could take the role of selfpurification for protection zone Ⅱ.Taking the seasonal wind into account,the flow velocities of the water intake at 99% probability were used to calculate the maximum travel distance, which were used to define the upstream,downstream and transverse boundary of the protection zone Ⅱ.This method was used to delineate Qingcaosha source protection zone in the Yangtze estuary,and the results shows it is a simple and reliable method with a clear concept.

Key words: tidal estuary/ reservoir/ drinking water source/ delineation of source protection zone/ maximal flow travel distance

卢士强, 林卫青, 顾玉亮, 李巍, 张宏伟, 丁玲. 潮汐河口水库型饮用水水源地保护区划分技术方法[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2010, 19(2): 146-.

LEI Shi-Jiang-, Lin-Wei-Jing-, Gu-Yu-Liang-, Li-Wei-, Zhang-Hong-Wei-, Ding-Ling-. DELINEATION METHOD OF SOURCE PROTECTION ZONES FOR TIDAL ESTUARY RESERVOIR[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2010, 19(2): 146-.

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