Abstract: Abstract：In order to cope with the agricultural non-point source pollution caused by the high application rate of chemical fertilizers, the rice-shrimp co-cultivation model in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River came into being. Based on the data of 509 sample households obtained by the research team in Jiangsu and Hubei provinces from July to August 2018, the propensity score matching method (PSM) was used to explore the existence and effect of fertilizer reduction effect of rice-shrimp co-cultivation model. The conclusions of the study show that: (1) Farmers adopting the rice-shrimp co-feeding model do have significant fertilizer reduction effects, with an average reduction of 716.895 yuan/ha, which is the government’s attempt to reduce agricultural non-point source pollution by promoting the rice-shrimp co-feeding model. Rationality provides evidence; (2) The average treatment effect of fertlizer application farmers adopting the rice-shrimp co-feeding model after treatment with PSM method is -662.364, further confirming that the fertilizer reduction effect of rice-shrimp co-feeding mode exists and is significant, while the OLS model returns high. Estimated its fertilizer reduction effect. Based on this, this paper believes that the rice-shrimp co-feeding model should be promoted and actively developed in the village to strengthen its leading role.