Abstract: In order to explore the influence of lithologic and chronostratigraphic changes on the spatial distribution of soil zinc, the geostatistical analysis and GIS were used to carry out the spatial interpolation of soil Zn content for 262 sampling points in Guizhou Province; meanwhile, geological map and lithology map of Guizhou Province were used to overlay and analyze with soil Zn content by spatial interpolation. The result show that the conent of soil Zn could be divided into three zones in Guizhou province: low and middle zinc zone(0-80 mg/kg), rich zinc zone(80-200 mg/kg) and warning zone(＞200 mg/kg). Moreover, the nugget coefficient of soil zinc in Guizhou province was 0.48, which indicates that the distribution of soil zinc has moderate spatial autocorrelation. Namely, the warning zone is mainly distributed in the Carboniferous and Permian strata, the rich zinc zone is mainly distributed in the Triassic and Cambrian strata, and the low and middle zinc zone is mainly distributed in the Sinian and Ordovician strata respectively. Also, in the same chronostratigraphic unit, the effects of carbonate rocks on soil Zn content level is greater than that of clasolite, which the areas with higher proportion of carbonate rocks exist more obvious phenomenon of soil Zn enrichment. As a result, the spatial heterogeneity of soil Zn content is obviously related to the chronostratigraphic unit, which the proportion of carbonate rock is the dominant factor restricting the enrichment of soil Zn, and changes of stratigraphic age and lithological combination in Guizhou Province are the main reasons for the spatial heterogeneity of Zn content in the soils. The rich zinc zone of soil is a key area for the development of Zn-rich agricultural products.