Abstract: As the largest hydroelectric power project in the world, the construction and operation of the Three Gorges reservoir have a significant impact on the soil environment in the littoral zone of the Three Gorges reservoir. Previous studies focused more on the changes of soil environment in the littoral zone of a river section or a tributary of the Three Gorges reservoir, and lacked the understanding of the changes of soil environment in the littoral zone of the whole reservoir area. This study investigated and analyzed the distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and ecological stoichiometry in the littoral zone at the scale of the whole reservoir and at different altitudes (155-165 m and 165-175 m), including soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) content and stoichiometric ratios (C/N, C/P and N/P) a in the whole reservoir (eight sample sections). The results showed that, 1) compared with the unsubmerged area, the contents of SOM, TN, TP and TK in the submerged area of the littoral zone were lower, and the values of C/N, C/P and P/K were higher. 2) The contents of SOM and TN in 165-175 m horizontal fluctuation zone were 21.27 g·kg^-1 and 1.14 g·kg^-1, which were significantly lower than those of the altitude of 155-165 m and 175-178 m. And the T/N and N/P value in 165-175 m were 11.07 and 2.68, which were significantly different with the unsubmerged area. Besides, the content of SOM and TP were 6% and 24%, which were the lowest and highest variability during all soil nutrients. 3) For the whole reservoir area, the soil nutrient content in the upper reaches（Fuling）and middle reaches (Zhongxian, Wanzhou, Yunyang and Fengjie) of the reservoir area is significantly higher than that in the lower reaches (Wushan and Zigui), while the nutrient metering ratio of the upper reaches and middle reaches is significantly lower than that in the lower reaches. The highest value of SOM, TN, TP and TK were found in Zhongxian and Wanzhou district, and the lowest value of C/N, C/P and N/P were found in Fuling district. 4) The distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and stoichiometric ratio in the water-level fluctuation zone were significantly affected by the altitude of the water-level fluctuation zone and the environmental characteristics of the sampling site, and the environmental characteristics of the sampling site had a greater impact. The research shows that the nutrient loss in the littoral zone still existed after the flooding of 175 m after 2010, and the soil nutrient retention ability of the littoral zone of the downstream and 165-175 m littoral zone in the reservoir area is poor. Therefore, soil conservation in this area and the elevation area in the middle of the littoral zone should be strengthened to maintain the health of the littoral zone and aquatic ecosystem of the Three Gorges reservoir.