Abstract: As China enters the digital economy era, digital transformation has catalyzed innovative business models, injected new economic vitality, and provided critical technological support for enhancing urban ecological resilience. This study constructed a comprehensive evaluation system for digital economy development and ecological resilience. The panel data from 105 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2022 were used to examine the impact and mechanism of digital economy on enhancing the ecological resilience. The results indicated that the positive development of the digital economy significantly enhanced the ecological resilience. This promoting effect was stronger in the cities with low levels of economic development, the cities in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the resource-based cities. Mechanism analysis revealed that this enabling effect operated through two key pathways: reducing energy consumption intensity and advancing technological innovation. Robustness checks and instrumental variable approaches confirmed the reliability of these findings. Policies and suggestions were proposed to further promote the ecological resilience, which included the increased support for the development level of the digital economy, the focusing on reducing energy consumption and waste, and the vigorously supporting technological innovation activities.