水电背景的鱼类救护工程与投资回报:中国鱼类资源前景堪忧

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj2016Z1007

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2016, Vol. 25 >> Issue (Z1): 44-49.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj2016Z1007

水电背景的鱼类救护工程与投资回报:中国鱼类资源前景堪忧

严灿¹, 胡加琴¹, 路波¹, 刘国勇¹, 胡晓¹, 王继保¹, 石小涛^1,2,3

1. 三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心, 湖北宜昌 443002;
2. 云南省国际河流与跨境生态安全重点实验室, 云南昆明 650091;
3. 水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430079

收稿日期:2016-06-09 修回日期:2016-10-27 出版日期:2016-11-26
通讯作者: 石小涛,E-mail:fishlab@163.com E-mail:fishlab@163.com
作者简介:严灿(1994~),女,主要从事工程管理研究.E-mail:candy201504@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51579136）；中国电力建设股份有限公司科技项目（DJ-ZDXM-2014-04）

FISH RESCUE AND PROTECTION PROGRAM AND INVESTMENT RETURNS ANALYSIS UNDER HYDROELECTRIC BACKGROUND: GLOOMY PROSPECT OF FISH RESOURCES IN CHINA

YAN Can¹, HU Jia-qin¹, LU Bo¹, LIU Guo-yong¹, HU Xiao¹, WANG Ji-bao¹, SHI Xiao-tao^1,2,3

1. China Three Gorges University, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Ecological Environment Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Yichang 443002, China;
2. Yunnan International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security Key Laboratory, Kunming 650091, China;
3. Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Water Resources Water Ecological Effects and Ecological Restoration Engineering, Wuhan 430097, China

Received:2016-06-09 Revised:2016-10-27 Online:2016-11-26
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation(515791336);Science and Technology Project of the Power China Limited Corporation(DJ-ZDXM-2014-04)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着我国水电事业的飞速发展，鱼类资源正面临着极大的威胁，鱼类救护工程越来越受到重视。从增殖放流、过鱼设施、栖息地保护等三个鱼类救护工程的角度，浅谈了我国鱼类救护工程的现状：增殖放流工程备受关注，放流规模与投入资金大幅度上升，但实际效果不够突出；过鱼设施建设近年来呈快速发展态势，初期监测过鱼效果较好，但是否达到设计要求尚无定论，缺乏过鱼效果评价的科学体系且相关管理法规不到位；鱼类栖息地保护工程开始被重视，在研究尝试之后已经取得一定的效果。建议相关部门审慎对待对增殖放流的投入、加强放流鱼种鱼苗及实际效果的研究评估；增加过鱼设施投入资金并加强过鱼设施的建设和研究，完善实际过鱼效果评估方法，加大鱼道运营管理执法力度；加大对栖息地保护方式的研究投入，使被破坏的鱼类栖息地得到恢复。

关键词: 鱼类救护工程, 投资回报, 增殖放流, 过鱼设施, 栖息地保护

Abstract: With rapid development of hydroelectric industry in china, fish resources are facing great threats and fish rescue and protection programs are further emphasized. In this article we discuss on the current status of fish rescue and protection projects in China from the three aspects:artificial enhancement and releasing, fish passage and habitat restoration. Artificial enhancement and releasing projects are highly concerned, releasing scale and input fund surges increase while actual outcomes are not so effective; fish passage facilities have been developed rapidly in recent years, but it comes to no conclusion yet if such development achieves designed destination although fish passing monitoring outcomes were good at the very beginning, together with the fact that scientific evaluation systems on outcome assessment and relevant management regulations are lacked; fish habitat restoration projects starts to be emphasized and has achieved certain effects after tryout. We suggest relevant departments shall consider prudently the input of investment of artificial enhancement and releasing, strengthen research and assessment on its actual effects, aggrandize fund input and enhance construction and research of fish passage facilities, perfect actual fish passage effect, strengthen assessment, operation, management and law implementation about fish passage, and finally increase study and investment on fish habitat restoration.

Key words: fish rescue and protection program, investment returns, artificial enhancement and releasing, fish passage, habitat restoration

中图分类号:

S931.3

严灿, 胡加琴, 路波, 刘国勇, 胡晓, 王继保, 石小涛. 水电背景的鱼类救护工程与投资回报:中国鱼类资源前景堪忧[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(Z1): 44-49.

YAN Can, HU Jia-qin, LU Bo, LIU Guo-yong, HU Xiao, WANG Ji-bao, SHI Xiao-tao. FISH RESCUE AND PROTECTION PROGRAM AND INVESTMENT RETURNS ANALYSIS UNDER HYDROELECTRIC BACKGROUND: GLOOMY PROSPECT OF FISH RESOURCES IN CHINA[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2016, 25(Z1): 44-49.

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