长江流域资源与环境 >> 2019, Vol. 28 >> Issue (03): 661-667.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201903017

• 长江经济带建设及生态安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市公园湖泊表层沉积物中汞的特征及其污染评价

崔鑫,靳雯佳,王永杰,周立旻,郑祥民*   

  1. (华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海 200241)
  • 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-22

Characteristics of Mercury in Surface Sediments of Lakes from Parks in Shanghai City and Its Environmental Pollution Assessment

CUI Xin, JIN Wen-jia, WANG Yong-jie, ZHOU Li-min, ZHENG Xiang-min   

  1. (School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)
  • Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-22

摘要: 以上海市中心城区和郊区合计24座水景公园湖泊表层沉积物为研究对象,测定其中的总汞(THg)和甲基汞(MeHg)等参数,并结合地统计学方法,研究城市尺度汞的空间分布特征及其潜在风险。结果表明:中心城区公园湖泊表层沉积物中THg(平均值222.6±138.4 μg/kg)与MeHg含量(平均值0.52±0.51 μg/kg)均明显大于郊区(p<0.01)表层沉积物中THg(平均值91.8±87.1 μg/kg)与MeHg含量(平均值0.29±0.26 μg/kg),这种空间分布的差异可能是城市小气候效应及人为汞排放两者共同长期作用下的结果;沉积物中THg、MeHg含量与烧失量呈显著正相关(p<0.05),而甲基汞/总汞比值(MeHg/THg)与烧失量呈弱负相关关系,表明了公园沉积物中有机质可能是控制汞转化的主要因素。沉积物中MeHg含量普遍较低,反映了沉积物中汞的活性相对较低。地累积指数评价进一步表明,上海市公园湖泊表层沉积物中汞的生态危害风险较低。

Abstract: To understand the spatial distribution of total mercury (THg) and methyl mercury (MeHg) levels in sediments of park lakes in Shanghai City, the samples were collected from total 24 park lakes, including the central urban (CU) and the suburbs (SU) areas, respectively. The concentrations of THg and MeHg, and other parameters in sediments were determined and the risk of Hg pollution was assessed using geo-accumulation index methods. The results showed that the concentrations of THg (mean: 222.6 ± 138.4 μg/kg) and MeHg (mean: 0.52 ± 0.51 μg/kg) in the surface sediments of lakes in CU were significantly higher than those (mean: 91.8 ± 87.1 μg/kg THg; mean: 0.29 ± 0.26 μg/kg MeHg) in SU (p< 0.01). Moreover, THg and MeHg in the sediments were positively correlated with loss on ignition (LOI) (p< 0.05), while a weak correlation between the ratio of MeHg to THg (MeHg/THg) and LOI, indicating that organic matter in sediments may play an important role in inhibiting Hg methylation. The geo-accumulation index of THg revealed that lakes in CU was slightly polluted by Hg, however, lakes in SU was not polluted, indicating that the potential environmental risk of Hg in the surface sediments of park lakes could be low in Shanghai City.

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