长江流域资源与环境 >> 2005, Vol. 14 >> Issue (1): 76-82.

• 资源环境与社会经济可持续发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

岷江上游干暖河谷与元江干热河谷的气候特征比较研究

张一平(1),段泽新(2),窦军霞(1,3)   

  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2005-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 张一平

COMPARISON OF CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN A DRYWARM VALLEY IN UPPER REACHES OF MIN RIVER AND A DRYHOT VALLEY OF YUANJIANG RIVER

ZHANG Yi-ping(1), DUAN Ze-xin(2), DOU Jun-xia(1, 3)   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2005-01-22
  • Contact: ZHANG Yi-ping

摘要: 利用岷江上游和元江(红河上游)河谷区的多年气象观测资料,通过对两河谷区的光、热、水、风等气候因子的综合分析、比较,得出结论:两河谷区的日照时数均较多,日照充足,干热河谷的日照时数要比干暖河谷多。干热河谷的平均温度要比干暖河谷要高。两河谷均是气温的年较差较小,月较差较大;降水的地区差异大,有明显的干雨季之分,降水均集中在雨季,降水量干热河谷多于干暖河谷;两河谷均是山谷风大,定时风显著,风速均是干季大,雨季小。两河谷局地小气候均呈现复杂多样特征。在干热河谷中上段,光热资源较丰富,而水分资源不协调,导致水分构成了该地区发展的主要限制因子;而在干暖河谷中上段,光照可满足需要,热量和水分不足,构成了限制因子,特别在中段河谷的部分地区缺水更甚,干旱年份可影响到树木生长。对两河谷气候特征的对比、分析, 可为两流域在退耕还林、山地生态环境的治理和恢复提供科学依据。

关键词: 干暖河谷, 干热河谷, 小气候特征, 生态恢复, 岷江上游, 元江

Abstract: By using longterm climate data for dryhot valley at the upper reaches of the Min River and drywarm valley of the Yuanjiang River(the upper reaches of the Hong River), microclimate characteristics of these two valleys were analyzed and compared. In these two regions, sunshine duration was long; Annual air temperature differences were small, but monthly air temperature differences were high. Precipitation differences were greater among sites within drywarm and dryhot valleys, with obvious alternations in dry and rain seasons. Precipitation was concentrated in rain seasons. In addition, mountainvalley breeze speeds were all high, with bigger values in dry season and smaller values in rain season. However, compared to drywarm valley, higher values were observed in the sunshine duration, average air temperature and precipitation for dryhot valley. Microclimate characteristics of the two valleys were complexed and diversified. At the upside and middle part of dryhot valley, ample light and heat resource were out of harmony with insufficient water resource, which made water a primary factor to limit development. While at the upside and middle part of drywarm valley, light resource was plenty, but heat and water resource were not enough and became limiting factors. Especially at some places of middle part of drywarm valley, there was even the lack of water to influence plant growth in arid years.

Key words: drywarm valley, dryhot valley, microclimate characteristics, ecological restoration, the upper reaches of the Min River, the Yuanjiang River

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