有色冶金区土壤-蔬菜系统重金属污染特征及健康风险分析

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201706009

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2017, Vol. 26 >> Issue (06): 865-873.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201706009

有色冶金区土壤-蔬菜系统重金属污染特征及健康风险分析

夏芳^1,2, 王秋爽^1,2, 蔡立梅^1,2,3, 杨超^1,2, 冯志州⁵, 唐翠华^1,2, 卫瀛海^1,2, 许振成^3,4

1. 长江大学油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430100;
2. 长江大学资源与环境学院, 湖北武汉 430100;
3. 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广东广州 510640;
4. 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所, 广东广州 510655;
5. 中山大学水资源与环境系, 广东广州 510275

收稿日期:2016-10-24 修回日期:2016-12-30 出版日期:2017-06-20
通讯作者: 蔡立梅,E-mail:paco801217@163.com E-mail:paco801217@163.com
作者简介:夏芳(1994~),女,硕士研究生,主要从事环境科学方面研究.E-mail:1395595938@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41203061）；湖北省自然科学基金项目（2015CFB603）；湖北省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目（D20161301）；有机地球化学国家重点实验室开放基金（OGL-201408）；长江大学大学生创新创业训练项目（2015007，2016006）

CONTAMINATION AND HEALTH RISK FOR HEAVY METALS VIA CONSUMPTION OF VEGETABLES GROWN IN NON-FERROUS METALS SMELTING AREA

XIA Fang^1,2, WANG Qiu-shuang^1,2, CAI Li-mei^1,2,3, YANG Chao^1,2, FENG Zhi-zhou⁵, TANG Cui-hua^1,2, WEI Ying-hai^1,2, XU Zhen-cheng^3,4

1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration Technologies, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China;
2. College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
4. South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China;
5. Department of Water Resources and Environment, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

Received:2016-10-24 Revised:2016-12-30 Online:2017-06-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41203061);Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China (2015CFB603);Science &Technology Project of Education Department, Hubei Province, China (D20161301);State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, GIGCAS (OGL-201408);TrainingProgram of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Yangtze University (2015007, 2016006)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用对应采样方法研究大冶有色冶炼厂周围地区土壤、蔬菜中Cd、Cu、Pb和As的含量，并对蔬菜重金属污染状况、富集能力及健康风险进行了分析。结果表明，研究区土壤重金属污染严重，Cd、Cu、Pb和As平均含量分别达5.28、193.37、93.83和36.56 mg/kg，分别为湖北省对应元素土壤背景值的31.06、6.30、3.51和2.97倍，表现为以Cd为主的多种重金属共同污染。与《食品中污染物限量》（GB2762-2012）标准比较，蔬菜中Cd和Cu含量的样本超标率分别为68%和6%，而As、Pb的含量均不超标。蔬菜中重金属富集能力的排序为：Cd > Cu > As > Pb，叶菜类蔬菜对Cd、Cu、Pb和As的富集系数均高于非叶菜类蔬菜。土壤和蔬菜重金属综合质量指数达10.07，为重度污染。研究区人群通过蔬菜摄入As、Cd的目标危险系数均大于1，存在As、Cd暴露的健康风险；成人和儿童食用蔬菜而摄入重金属的TTHQ分别为2.11~5.06和2.78~6.64，儿童比成人遭受的健康风险更大，并且距离冶炼厂越近，所遭受的健康风险越大。蔬菜中重金属的复合污染已使大冶有色冶炼厂周围居民面临潜在的健康风险。

关键词: 铜冶炼, 蔬菜, 重金属, 健康风险, 大冶

Abstract: A systematic survey on concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and As in eight kinds of vegetables and their corresponding soils at 10 sampling sites near the Daye Copper Plant in Daye City, Hubei Province, China, was carried out for assessing heavy metal pollution, bio-concentration ability and potential health risk to local inhabitants due to exposure via consumption of vegetables. The results showed that the soils of the studied vegetable plots were seriously contaminated by heavy metals and the mean concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and As reached 5.28 mg/kg, 193.37 mg/kg, 93.83 mg/kg and 36.56 mg/kg, and are 31.06, 6.30, 3.51 and 2.97 times of background contents of the corresponding heavy metals in the soils of Hubei Province, respectively. The pollution characteristics of multi-metals in soils are mainly reflected by Cd. The proportions of vegetable samples which Cd and Cu concentrations exceeded the Maximum Levels of Contaminants in Foods (GB2762-2012) were 68% and 6%, respectively. The values of bio-concentration factor from soil to edible part of vegetable decreased in the order of Cd > Cu > As > Pb, and the bio-concentration factor values of all heavy metals in the edible part of leafy vegetables were higher than the non-leafy vegetables. The soils and vegetables were heavily polluted by heavy metals, as shown by the influence index of comprehensive quality of soils and vegetables is 10.07. The consumption of the polluted vegetables would lead to potential health risk especially for children, since both THQ values of Cd and As via the consumption of polluted vegetables were above 1. The total metals THQs for adults and children were 2.11–5.06, 2.78–6.64, respectively, due to consumption of vegetable around the plant. The potential health risk for local residents living nearby Daye Copper Plant is serious due to the combined heavy metal in vegetables.

Key words: copper smelting, vegetable, heavy metal, health risk, Daye

中图分类号:

X820.4

夏芳, 王秋爽, 蔡立梅, 杨超, 冯志州, 唐翠华, 卫瀛海, 许振成. 有色冶金区土壤-蔬菜系统重金属污染特征及健康风险分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2017, 26(06): 865-873.

XIA Fang, WANG Qiu-shuang, CAI Li-mei, YANG Chao, FENG Zhi-zhou, TANG Cui-hua, WEI Ying-hai, XU Zhen-cheng. CONTAMINATION AND HEALTH RISK FOR HEAVY METALS VIA CONSUMPTION OF VEGETABLES GROWN IN NON-FERROUS METALS SMELTING AREA[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2017, 26(06): 865-873.

参考文献

[1] BI X Y, FENG X B, YANG Y G, et al. Environmental contamination of heavy metals from zinc smelting areas in Hezhang County, western Guizhou, China[J]. Environment International, 2006, 32(7):883-890.
[2] KAPUSTA P, SZAREK-ŁUKASZEWSKA G, STEFANOWICZ A M. Direct and indirect effects of metal contamination on soil biota in a Zn-Pb post-mining and smelting area (S Poland)[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159(6):1516-1522.
[3] 周小勇, 雷梅, 杨军, 等. 某铅冶炼厂对周边土壤质量和人体健康的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2013, 34(9):3675-3678.[ZHOU X Y, LEI M, YANG J, et al. Effect of lead on soil quality and human health around a lead smeltery[J]. Environmental Science, 2013, 34(9):3675-3678.]
[4] 郑娜, 王起超, 郑冬梅. 基于THQ的锌冶炼厂周围人群食用蔬菜的健康风险分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2007, 27(4):672-678.[ZHENG N, WANG Q C, ZHENG D M. Health risk assessment of heavy metals to residents by consuming vegetable irrigated around zinc smelting plant based THQ[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2007, 27(4):672-678.]
[5] 蔡立梅, 马瑾, 周永章, 等. 东莞市农田土壤和蔬菜重金属的含量特征分析[J]. 地理学报, 2008, 63(9):994-1003.[CAI L M, MA J, ZHOU Y Z, et al. Heavy metal concentrations of agricultural soils and vegetables from Dongguan, Guangdong province, China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2008, 63(9):994-1003.]
[6] 王玉军, 刘存, 周东美, 等. 一种农田土壤重金属影响评价的新方法:土壤和农产品综合质量指数法[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2016, 35(7):1225-1232.[WANG Y J, LIU C, ZHOU D M, et al. A new approach for evaluating soil heavy metal impact:A comprehensive index combined soil environmental quality and agricultural products quality[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2016, 35(7):1225-1232.]
[7] 李如忠, 潘成荣, 徐晶晶, 等. 典型有色金属矿业城市零星菜地蔬菜重金属污染及健康风险评估[J]. 环境科学, 2013, 34(3):1076-1085.[LI R Z, PAN C R, XU J J, et al. Contamination and health risk for heavy metals via consumption of vegetables grown in fragmentary vegetable plots from a typical nonferrous metals mine city[J]. Environmental Science, 2013, 34(3):1076-1085.]
[8] 潘根兴, CHANG A C, PAGE A L. 土壤-作物污染物迁移分配与食物安全的评价模型及其应用[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, 13(7):854-858.[PAN G X, CHANG A C, PAGE A L. Modeling transfer and partitioning of potentially toxic pollutants in soil-crop system for human food security[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, 13(7):854-858.]
[9] ZHUANG P, MCBRIDE M B, XIA H P, et al. Health risk from heavy metals via consumption of food crops in the vicinity of Dabaoshan mine, South China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2009, 407(5):1551-1561.
[10] 张勇. "十里铜都"盛开的文明花-大冶有色公司冶炼厂再获湖北省最佳文明单位纪实[J]. 中国有色金属, 2009(23):50-51.[ZHANG Y. "Ten miles copper city" blooming flowers of civilization-the Daye Copper Plant gained best civilized unit of Hubei province again[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2009(23):50-51.]
[11] 凌其聪, 严森, 鲍征宇. 大型冶炼厂重金属环境污染特征及其生态效应[J]. 中国环境科学, 2006, 26(5):603-608.[LING Q C, YAN S, BAO Z Y. The environmental pollution character and its ecological effect of a large scale smelter[J]. China Environmental Science, 2006, 26(5):603-608.]
[12] 闭向阳, 马振东. 某冶炼厂附近农田镉污染调查与对策[J]. 地质科技情报, 2003, 22(2):87-90.[BI X Y, MA Z D. Survey and Strategies of cadmium pollution in the farmland near a Copper Smeltery[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2003, 22(2):87-90.]
[13] 杜平, 赵欢欢, 王世杰, 等. 大冶市农田土壤中镉的空间分布特征及污染评价[J]. 土壤, 2013, 45(6):1028-1035.[DU P, ZHAO H H, WANG S J, et al. Spatial distribution and assessment of cadmium pollution in farmland soils, Daye city[J]. Soils, 2013, 45(6):1028-1035.]
[14] 韩晓涛, 郭宇, 鲍征宇, 等. 大冶市街尘重金属污染评价及化学形态特征[J]. 地球化学, 2012, 41(6):585-592.[HAN X T, GUO Y, BAO Z Y, et al. The level and speciation of metals in street dusts of Daye, Hubei Province[J]. Geochimica, 2012, 41(6):585-592.]
[15] NELSON D W, SOMMERS L E. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter[M]//PAGE A L, MILLER R H, KENNEY D R. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, 2nd ed. Madison, WI:American Society of Agronomy, 1982:539-579.
[16] 国家环境保护局, 国家技术监督局. GB 15618-1995 土壤环境质量标准[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 2006.[National Environmental Protection Agency, State Bureau of Technical Supervision. GB 15618-1995 Environmental quality standard for soils[S]. Beijing:China Standards Press, 2006.]
[17] KHAN S, CAO Q, ZHENG Y M, et al. Health risks of heavy metals in contaminated soils and food crops irrigated with wastewater in Beijing, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2008, 152(3):686-692.
[18] 中国环境监测总站. 中国土壤元素背景值[M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社, 1990.[China National Environmental Monitoring Center. Soil element background value in China[M]. Beijing:China Environmental Press, 1990.]
[19] LU A X, WANG J H, QIN X Y, et al. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, Beijing, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2012, 425:66-74.
[20] RODRÍGUEZ MARTÍN J A, RAMOS-MIRAS J J, BOLUDA R, et al. Spatial relations of heavy metals in arable and greenhouse soils of a Mediterranean environment region (Spain)[J]. Geoderma, 2013, 200-201:180-188.
[21] 中华人民共和国卫生部. GB 2762-2012食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 2013.[Ministry of Health P. R. China. GB 2762-2012 The limits of pollutants in foods[S]. Beijing:China Standards Press, 2013.]
[22] ZHENG N, WANG Q C, ZHENG D M. Health risk of Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu to the inhabitants around Huludao Zinc Plant in China via consumption of vegetables[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2007, 383(1/3):81-89.
[23] LUO C L, LIU C P, WANG Y, et al. Heavy metal contamination in soils and vegetables near an e-waste processing site, south China[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 186(1):481-490.
[24] WANG X L, SATO T, XING B S, et al. Health risks of heavy metals to the general public in Tianjin, China via consumption of vegetables and fish[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2005, 350(1/3):28-37.
[25] OSTAPCZUK P, VALENTA P, RÜTZEL H, et al. Application of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry to the determination of heavy metals in environmental samples[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 1987, 60:1-16.
[26] HORIGUCHI H, OGUMA E, SASAKI S, et al. Dietary exposure to cadmium at close to the current provisional tolerable weekly intake does not affect renal function among female Japanese farmers[J]. Environmental Research, 2004, 95(1):20-31.
[27] US EPA. Risk-based concentration table[EB/OL]. 2000. http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/risk/human/index.htm.
[28] CHIEN L C, HUNG T C, CHOANG K Y, et al. Daily intake of TBT, Cu, Zn, Cd and As for fishermen in Taiwan[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2002, 285(1/3):177-185.
[29] 张磊, 高俊全. 中国与一些发达国家膳食有害元素摄入状况比较[J]. 卫生研究, 2003, 32(3):268-271.[ZHANG L, GAO J Q. Comparison on intake status of harmful elements between China and some developed countries[J]. Journal of Hygiene Research, 2003, 32(3):268-271.]

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed