长江流域资源与环境 >> 2017, Vol. 26 >> Issue (06): 865-873.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201706009
夏芳1,2, 王秋爽1,2, 蔡立梅1,2,3, 杨超1,2, 冯志州5, 唐翠华1,2, 卫瀛海1,2, 许振成3,4
XIA Fang1,2, WANG Qiu-shuang1,2, CAI Li-mei1,2,3, YANG Chao1,2, FENG Zhi-zhou5, TANG Cui-hua1,2, WEI Ying-hai1,2, XU Zhen-cheng3,4
摘要: 采用对应采样方法研究大冶有色冶炼厂周围地区土壤、蔬菜中Cd、Cu、Pb和As的含量,并对蔬菜重金属污染状况、富集能力及健康风险进行了分析。结果表明,研究区土壤重金属污染严重,Cd、Cu、Pb和As平均含量分别达5.28、193.37、93.83和36.56 mg/kg,分别为湖北省对应元素土壤背景值的31.06、6.30、3.51和2.97倍,表现为以Cd为主的多种重金属共同污染。与《食品中污染物限量》(GB2762-2012)标准比较,蔬菜中Cd和Cu含量的样本超标率分别为68%和6%,而As、Pb的含量均不超标。蔬菜中重金属富集能力的排序为:Cd > Cu > As > Pb,叶菜类蔬菜对Cd、Cu、Pb和As的富集系数均高于非叶菜类蔬菜。土壤和蔬菜重金属综合质量指数达10.07,为重度污染。研究区人群通过蔬菜摄入As、Cd的目标危险系数均大于1,存在As、Cd暴露的健康风险;成人和儿童食用蔬菜而摄入重金属的TTHQ分别为2.11~5.06和2.78~6.64,儿童比成人遭受的健康风险更大,并且距离冶炼厂越近,所遭受的健康风险越大。蔬菜中重金属的复合污染已使大冶有色冶炼厂周围居民面临潜在的健康风险。
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