武汉城市热岛特征及其影响因素分析

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201603013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 正确理解城市热岛效应的形成机制及其影响因素是制定热岛效应缓解政策和研究城市生态问题的前提和基础。选用1987年9月26日的Landsat-5和2013年9月17日的Landsat-8遥感影像进行地表温度反演,分析武汉市城市热岛效应的时空演变特征;对热岛效应明显的武汉市主城区进行格网划分,提取格网内地表温度及所选影响因子指标值,运用主成分回归方法进行地表温度多因子综合分析,探讨城市热岛形成的主要影响因素。结果表明:(1)武汉市地表温度空间分布表现出典型的热岛特征,1987年和2013年分别有27.7%和39.1%的范围被"热岛"覆盖;(2)影响武汉城市热岛效应的主要因素有不透水面指数、水体面积比例、归一化建筑指数、归一化植被指数及绿地面积比例;(3)当其他影响因素稳定时,不透水面指数每增加1%,可使地表温度增温0.04℃~0.10℃;水体面积每增加1%,可降低地表温度0.03℃。

关键词: 热岛效应, 格网, 多因子, 主成分, 形成机制

Abstract: Understanding the formation mechanism of urban heat island (UHI) effect is crucial to study UHI mitigation strategies and other related urban ecological problems. Remote sensing images acquired on September 26, 1987 and September 17, 2013 in Wuhan were selected to derive land surface temperature (LST) values and detect the UHI effect. Mean LST and selected indices associated with UHI effect were calculated in each grid cells in the urbanized area. Principal component regression equations were modeled to find the key factors influencing LST distribution and UHI formation. Results indicated that: (1) high and sub-high temperatures built obvious heat "islands", covering 27.7% and 39.1% of Wuhan City in 1987 and 2013, respectively; (2) the key influencing factors on LST and UHI effect were impervious surface area index, percentage of water area, normalized difference built-up index, normalized difference vegetation index and percentage of green space; (3) as impervious surface area and percentage of water area increased at each 1%, LST value increased by 0.04-0.10 and decreased by 0.03, respectively.

Key words: urban heat island, gridding, multi-factors, principal component, formation mechanism

中图分类号:

P463.3

谢启姣. 武汉城市热岛特征及其影响因素分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(03): 462-469.

XIE Qi-jiao. ANALYSIS ON CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT IN WUHAN[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2016, 25(03): 462-469.

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