三峡库区重庆段土壤保持服务时空分布格局研究

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201606009

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2016, Vol. 25 >> Issue (06): 932-942.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201606009

三峡库区重庆段土壤保持服务时空分布格局研究

刘睿^1,2,3, 周李磊^1,2, 彭瑶^1,2, 嵇涛^1,2, 李军^1,2, 张虹^1,2, 戴技才^1,2

1. 重庆师范大学三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室, 重庆 401331;
2. 重庆师范大学 GIS应用研究重庆市高校重点实验室, 重庆 401331;
3. 华东师范大学城市化生态过程与生态恢复上海市重点实验室, 上海 200062

收稿日期:2015-04-20 修回日期:2015-06-12 出版日期:2016-06-20
通讯作者: 李军 E-mail:junli@cqnu.edu.cn
作者简介:刘睿(1983~),男,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为全球变化与生态环境遥感.E-mail:liur@cqnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41271411);科技基础性工作专项项目(2011FY110400);重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目(cstc2014jcyjA90012);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJ130625);城市化生态过程与生态恢复上海市重点实验室开放基金

SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICES IN THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA OF CHONGQING

LIU Rui^1,2,3, ZHOU Li-lei^1,2, PENG Yao^1,2, JI Tao^1,2, LI Jun^1,2, ZHANG Hong^1,2, DAI Ji-cai^1,2

1. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Remote Sensing in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China;
2. Key Laboratory of GIS Application, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China;
3. Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and ECO-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

Received:2015-04-20 Revised:2015-06-12 Online:2016-06-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41271411);Special Foundation for Scientific Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011FY110400);Foundation for Sci &Tech Research Project of Chongqing (Grant No. cstc2014jcyjA90012);Foundation of Chongqing Municipal Education Committee (Grant No. KJ130625);Open Foundation of SHUES

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤保持是生态系统服务与功能的重要组成,在防止土壤侵蚀、减少径流泥沙与农业面源污染等方面具有至关重要的作用。以对国家生态安全具有重要作用的土壤保持生态功能区-三峡库区重庆段为研究区域,研究得到了2000~2013年时间序列区域土壤保持服务"流量"结果,结果表明:(1)三峡库区重庆段多年平均土壤保持量为604.39t/hm²·a,沿长江干流自西向东逐渐增强,区域差异显著;(2)三峡库区的土壤保持服务存在明显的垂直分异特征,随着高程的增加,以300m与900m为节点,出现递减-递增-递减的分段规律,与人类活动存在明显的相关关系;(3)增加森林覆被面积是改善区域土壤保持、减少水土流失的重要举措。同时,在三峡库区开展坡改梯工程,减少坡耕地的数量能够有效控制区域水土流失;

关键词: 土壤保持, 三峡库区重庆段, 时空格局, InVEST模型

Abstract: Soil conservation is considered to be an important part of ecosystem services, and is by far the greatest factor for reducing soil erosion, surface sediment and agricultural non-point source pollution. The aim of this study is to investigate the spatio-temporal variations of soil conservation in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing, which is of great significance to national ecological security. Evaluation results of soil conservation services during 2000–2013 were analyzed by using the InVEST(Integrate Valuation of Ecosystem Sevices and Tradeoffs tool) model. We find that: (1) the annual average of soil conservation was 604.39 t/hm²·a with a remarkable variation, increasing gradually along the Yangtze River from west to east. Six counties in the eastern hinterland were the dominant area for soil conservation in Three Gorges Reservoir (about 56%), which was accord with the target of the ecological conservation and development areas of the Chongqing's five major functional areas. (2) For the past 14 years, the annual soil conservation changed significantly, and presented a downward trend overall. As national key ecological function areas and crucial ecological barrier of Yangtze basin, the eastern hinterland found remarkable declines in the average soil conservation. (3) The soil conservation services structured a clear pattern of vertical differentiation, followed a decrease-increase-decrease law along with the increase of elevation. Anthropogenic activities, especially the agricultural activity was the primary cause for the formation tendency. Meanwhile, the soil conservation services rose gradually with increasing gradient, yet the trend decreased. (4) Forest is absolutely one of the most important land cover for soil conservation, while the shrub forest achieved 675.01 t/hm²·a, slightly stronger than the arbor forest with 608.37 t/hm²·a. The terrace fields reached up to 741.97 t/hm²·a, which were much stronger than dry land with 504.84 t/hm²·a. Combining with the fact that soil conservation services were improved during the Grain for Green Project (2002–2008), The results show that it can significantly improve the soil conservation services and reduce soil loss by increasing the forest cover area. On the other hand, the implement of the terracing engineering can effectively prevent soil erosion and improve the ecological environment and agricultural conditions.

Key words: soil conservation, Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing, spatio-temporal variations, InVEST model

中图分类号:

P964

刘睿, 周李磊, 彭瑶, 嵇涛, 李军, 张虹, 戴技才. 三峡库区重庆段土壤保持服务时空分布格局研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(06): 932-942.

LIU Rui, ZHOU Li-lei, PENG Yao, JI Tao, LI Jun, ZHANG Hong, DAI Ji-cai. SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICES IN THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA OF CHONGQING[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2016, 25(06): 932-942.

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