乡镇居民点规模-功能系统耦合协调发展研究——以重庆市潼南区为例

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201705003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 借鉴耦合理论，建立了乡镇居民点规模-功能耦合系统，以潼南区为案例，采用熵权法、耦合协调度评价和空间集聚分析等方法，对2014年潼南区22个乡镇居民点规模-功能的耦合协调发展状态进行评价。研究发现，经济规模是乡镇居民点规模的主要决定因素。第三产业是影响居民点生产功能的主要因素，教育医疗则是影响生活功能的主要因素，建成区绿化面积是影响居民点生态功能的主要因素。潼南区乡镇居民点规模-功能耦合协调发展水平在空间上具有明显的单核结构特征，区域发展具有较大的不平衡性。大部分乡镇规模-功能耦合处于拮抗状态，规模滞后状态，规模、功能建设发展都处于低水平状态。应当积极培育县城以外的区域次级增长中心，以缩小区域发展的不平衡性。在村镇居民点的规划中，应重视居民点经济规模的地位与作用，以求更为合理的预测居民点规模，并规划建设居民点功能。

关键词: 乡镇居民点, 居民点规模, 居民点功能, 耦合协调发展, 潼南区

Abstract: In rural planning studies, population scale is usually used to represent the whole scale of settlements, but obviously it is not comprehensive and need to be improved. It is necessary to have a deep analysis in function and scale of settlements for decision-making in rural planning and development policies. Therefore, by looking into the existing literatures, this paper clarified the connotation of scale and function in rural settlements. By drawing lessons from coupling theory, we established the evaluation system about coupled and coordinated development of scale-function in township settlements. Using the Entropy Method, coupled and coordinated index analysis, and the ESDA methods, we analyzed the developing status about coupling system of scale-function in towns and streets in TongNan District. Results showed that economic scale was the main factor that influenced the scale of township settlements, while the second important factor was population scale, and the least impact factor was land scale. The tertiary industry was the main influencing factor of production function of township settlements, with education and medical service of living function, and afforested area of built-up district of ecological function. The coupling development level of township settlements of TongNan District had obvious characteristics of the single nuclear structure in space. Counties with Zitong street and Guilin street as the core took the leading position in scale expansion, function construction and scale-function coupling coordinated development degree. The regional development presented high inequality. The function and scale of township have significant correlations, forming a natural coupling system. The very essence of coordinated development about scale-function coupled system is a type of development that function and scale are both in synchronous and high-level development state in township settlements. The scale-function coupling system of most towns and streets of TongNan District are in antagonistic state, with scale and function both at a low level. We suggest that the sub-growth pole should be cultivated in order to diminish the inequality of regional development, and more attention should be paid to the status of economic scale of township settlements in rural planning for a more reasonable forecast of the scale of the residential area and more scientific planning and construction of residential function.

Key words: township settlements, scale of settlements, function of settlements, coupling and coordinating development, TongNan District

中图分类号:

F301.2

张文新, 孙方, 王炜, 廖聪. 乡镇居民点规模-功能系统耦合协调发展研究——以重庆市潼南区为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2017, 26(05): 667-677.

ZHANG Wen-xin, SUN Fang, WANG Wei, LIAO Cong. RESEARCH ON COUPLING AND COORDINATING DEVELOPMENT OF SCALE-FUNCTION SYSTEM IN TOWNSHIP SETTLEMENTS——A CASE STUDY OF TONGNAN DISTRICT IN CHONGQING, CHINA[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2017, 26(05): 667-677.

参考文献

[1] 单勇兵,马晓冬,仇方道.苏中地区乡村聚落的格局特征及类型划分[J].地理科学,2012,32(11):1340-1347.[SHAN Y B,MA X D,QIU F D.Distribution patterns characteristics and type classification of the rural settlements in central Jiangsu Province[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2012,32(11):1340-1347.]
[2] 马晓冬,李全林,沈一.江苏省乡村聚落的形态分异及地域类型[J].地理学报,2012,67(4):516-525.[MA X D,LI Q L,SHEN Y.Morphological difference and regional types of rural settlements in Jiangsu Province[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(4):516-525.]
[3] 苏飞,张平宇.辽中南城市群城市规模分布演变特征[J].地理科学,2010,30(3):343-349.[SU F,ZHANG P Y.Evolution characteristics of city-size distribution of urban agglomeration in middle and south Liaoning Province[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2010,30(3):343-349.]
[4] 段瑞君.中国城市规模及其影响因素研究——来自284个地级及以上城市的经验证据[J].财经研究,2013,39(9):82-94.[DUAN R J.On urban scale and its influencing factors in China:empirical evidence from 284 cities with the prefecture level and above[J].Journal of Finance and Economics,2013,39(9):82-94.]
[5] 刘沛林,刘春腊,邓运员,等.中国传统聚落景观区划及景观基因识别要素研究[J].地理学报,2010,65(12):1496-1506.[LIU P L,LIU C L,DENG Y Y,et al.Landscape division of traditional settlement and effect elements of landscape gene in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2010,65(12):1496-1506.]
[6] 邹利林,王建英.中国农村居民点布局优化研究综述[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(4):59-68.[ZOU L L,WANG J Y.Review of research on layout optimization of rural settlements in China[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2015,25(4):59-68.]
[7] 陈玉福,孙虎,刘彦随.中国典型农区空心村综合整治模式[J].地理学报,2010,65(6):727-735.[CHEN Y F,SUN H,LIU Y S.Reconstruction models of hollowed villages in key agricultural regions of China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2010,65(6):727-735.]
[8] 谷晓坤,庞林芳,张正峰.基于上海市青村镇公共设施可达性的镇域农村居民点整治适宜性研究[J].中国土地科学,2014,28(7):71-75.[GU X K,PANG L F,ZHANG Z F.Suitability evaluation of rural residential consolidation based on the accessibility of infrastructure:a case from Qingcun Town,Shanghai City[J].China Land Sciences,2014,28(7):71-75.]
[9] 陈秧分,刘彦随,杨忍.基于生计转型的中国农村居民点用地整治适宜区域[J].地理学报,2012,67(3):420-427.[CHEN Y F,LIU Y S,YANG R.Identification of China's suitable regions for rural residential land consolidation based on livelihoods transformation[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(3):420-427.]
[10] 李红波,张小林.国外乡村聚落地理研究进展及近今趋势[J].人文地理,2012,27(4):103-108.[LI H B,ZHANG X L.A review and trend on rural settlement geography abroad[J].Human Geography,2012,27(4):103-108.]
[11] PORTA J,PARAPAR J,DOALLO R,et al.A population-based iterated greedy algorithm for the delimitation and zoning of rural settlements[J].Computers,Environment and Urban Systems,2013,39:12-26.
[12] ZHU F K,ZHANG F R,LI C,et al.Functional transition of the rural settlement:analysis of land-use differentiation in a transect of Beijing,China[J].Habitat International,2014,41:262-271.
[13] MURRAY M,GREER J,HOUSTON D,et al.Bridging top down and bottom up:modelling community preferences for a dispersed rural settlement pattern[J].European Planning Studies,2009,17(3):441-462.
[14] NEPAL S K.Tourism and rural settlements Nepal's Annapurna region[J].Annals of Tourism Research,2007,34(4):855-875.
[15] 田光进,刘纪远,张增祥,等.基于遥感与GIS的中国农村居民点规模分布特征[J].遥感学报,2002,6(4):307-312.[TIAN G J,LIU J Y,ZHANG Z X,et al.The scale distribution characteristics of Chinese rural settlements by remote sensing and GIS[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2002,6(4):307-312.]
[16] 张本申,赵国友.我国村镇适度规模探析——基于人口数量和辖区面积角度[J].人口与经济,2012(2):74-79.[ZHANG B S,ZHAO G Y.Analysis of the appropriate scale of China's towns and villages:based on population and an area of the angle[J].Population&Economics,2012(2):74-79.]
[17] 耿慧志,贾晓韡.村镇体系等级规模结构的规划技术路线探析[J].小城镇建设,2010(8):66-72.[GENG H Z,JIA X W.Research on the planning of methodology towards the Hierarchy of town and country system[J].Development of Small Cities&Towns,2010(8):66-72.]
[18] 徐亮,胡海霞,郑黎.元通镇居民点规模布局的分形研究与规划[J].经济地理,2001,21(S):150-153.
[19] 陈诚.农村聚落功能评价研究——以启东市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2014,23(10):1425-1431.[CHEN C.Study on the rural settlements multi-functionality evaluation at village scale in Qidong City[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2014,23(10):1425-1431.]
[20] 张佰林,张凤荣,周建,等.农村居民点功能演变的微尺度分析——山东省沂水县核桃园村的实证[J].地理科学,2015,35(10):1272-1279.[ZHANG B L,ZHANG F R,ZHOU J,et al.Functional evolution of rural settlement based on micro-perspective:a case study of Hetaoyuan village in Yishui County,Shandong Province[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2015,35(10):1272-1279.]
[21] 张佰林,张凤荣,高阳,等.农村居民点多功能识别与空间分异特征[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(12):216-224.[ZHANG B L,ZHANG F R,GAO Y,et al.Identification and spatial differentiation of rural settlements' multifunction[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(12):216-224.]
[22] 王勇,李广斌.苏南乡村聚落功能三次转型及其空间形态重构——以苏州为例[J].城市规划,2011,35(7):54-60.[WANG Y,LI G B.Functional transformation and spatial restructuring of rural settlements in southern Jiangsu:a case study of Suzhou[J].City Planning Review,2011,35(7):54-60.]
[23] 惠怡安,张阳生,徐明,等.试论农村聚落的功能与适宜规模——以延安安塞县南沟流域为例[J].人文杂志,2010(3):183-187.[HUI Y A,ZHANG Y S,XU M,et al.Study on functions and appropriate scale of rural settlement:a case study of south ditch valley of Ansai County in Yanan[J].The Journal of Humanities,2010(3):183-187.]
[24] 周国华,贺艳华,唐承丽,等.中国农村聚居演变的驱动机制及态势分析[J].地理学报,2011,66(4):515-524.[ZHOU G H,HE Y H,TANG C L,et al.Dynamic mechanism and present situation of rural settlements evolution in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2011,66(4):515-524.]
[25] 张强.农村居民点布局合理性辨析——以北京市郊区为例[J].中国农村经济,2007(3):65-72.[ZHANG Q.The rationality analysis of rural settlements'layout:a case study of the suburbs of Beijing[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2007(3):65-72.]
[26] 金其铭.中国农村聚落地理[M].南京:江苏教育出版社,1989.[JIN Q M.Chinese rural settlement geography[J].Nanjing:Jiangsu Education Publishing House,1989.]
[27] 黄富国.城乡居民点规模和结构的调整[J].城市发展研究,1998(6):39-40.
[28] 王万茂,韩桐魁.土地利用规划学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:77-92.[WANG W M,HAN T K.Land use planning[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2002:77-92.]
[29] 吴玉鸣,张燕.中国区域经济增长与环境的耦合协调发展研究[J].资源科学,2008,30(1):25-30.[WU Y M,ZHANG Y.Analyzing coupled regional economic growth and environmental conservation in China[J].Resources Science,2008,30(1):25-30.]
[30] 王少剑,方创琳,王洋.京津冀地区城市化与生态环境交互耦合关系定量测度[J].生态学报,2015,35(7):2244-2254.[WANG S J,FANG C L,WANG Y.Quantitative investigation of the interactive coupling relationship between urbanization and eco-environment[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(7):2244-2254.]
[31] 马丽,金凤君,刘毅.中国经济与环境污染耦合度格局及工业结构解析[J].地理学报,2012,67(10):1299-1307.[MA L,JIN F J,LIU Y.Spatial pattern and industrial sector structure analysis on the coupling and coordinating degree of regional economic development and environmental pollution in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(10):1299-1307.]
[32] 万里强,侯向阳,任继周.系统耦合理论在我国草地农业系统应用的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2004,12(1):162-164.[WAN L Q,HOU X Y,REN J Z.The application of system coupling in grassland agro-system in China[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2004,12(1):162-164.]
[33] 章穗,张梅,迟国泰.基于熵权法的科学技术评价模型及其实证研究[J].管理学报,2010,7(1):34-42.[ZHANG S,ZHANG M,CHI G T.The science and technology evaluation model based on entropy weight and empirical research during the 10th five-year of China[J].Chinese Journal of Management,2010,7(1):34-42.]
[34] 贾艳红,赵军,南忠仁,等.基于熵权法的草原生态安全评价——以甘肃牧区为例[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(8):1003-1008.[JIA Y H,ZHAO J,NAN Z R,et al.Ecological safety assessment of grassland based on entropy-right method:a case study of Gansu pastoral area[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2006,25(8):1003-1008.]
[35] 黄金川,方创琳.城市化与生态环境交互耦合机制与规律性分析[J].地理研究,2003,22(2):211-220.[HUANG J C,FANG C L.Analysis of coupling mechanism and rules between urbanization and eco-environment[J].Geographical Research,2003,22(2):211-220.]
[36] 刘浩,张毅,郑文升.城市土地集约利用与区域城市化的时空耦合协调发展评价——以环渤海地区城市为例[J].地理研究,2011,30(10):1805-1817.[LIU H,ZHANG Y,ZHENG W S.Evaluation on spatio-temporal development and interaction of intensive urban land use and urbanization:case studies of the cities in the Bohai Rim Region[J].Geographical Research,2011,30(10):1805-1817.]
[37] 王法辉.基于GIS的数量方法与应用[M].姜世国,滕骏华,译.北京:商务印书馆,2009.[WANG F H.Quantitative methods and application in GIS[M].JIANG S G,TENG J H,Trans.Beijing:The Commercial Press,2009.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed