长江流域资源与环境 >> 2019, Vol. 28 >> Issue (09): 2154-2164.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201909014

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

河口三角洲地表水文连通性研究进展

刘星根1,2,李云良1,张奇1*   

  1. (1. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,江苏 南京 210008;
    2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049)
  • 出版日期:2019-09-20 发布日期:2019-09-17

Review of the Surface Hydrological Connectivity in River Delta

LIU Xing-gen1,2, LI Yun-liang1, ZHANG Qi1   

  1. (1. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Chinese Academy 
    of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; 2. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
  • Online:2019-09-20 Published:2019-09-17

摘要: 三角洲通常位于河流与湖泊、海洋等大型地表水体的过渡带,分布全球约8%人口。受地势低缓、流域来沙减少和海平面上升等多因素作用,三角洲系统被认为是诸多地表类型中高度敏感和脆弱的地带。近年来,地表水文连通性成为三角洲水文水动力领域新的热点问题。通过国内外相关文献调研,系统阐述了水文连通性概念、三角洲地表水文连通性组成以及三角洲形态和水文连通性的联系。研究表明:三角洲地表水文连通性可分为结构连通性、功能连通性和过程连通性;基于图论方法的结构连通性仅表征河网在三角洲水文连通性的作用,而功能连通性和过程连通性反映水文水动力要素的空间分布及其与气象等环境要素的耦合关系,但亟需有效的野外观测和调查数据;三角洲形态与水文连通性存在一定联系,部分形态指标可用于刻画三角洲地表水文连通程度。因三角洲具有高度时空异质性和复杂地形地貌等特点,从学科发展趋势和应用需求的角度出发,未来应综合采用野外观测、数理统计和数值模拟等多学科交叉的研究策略,为三角洲湿地生态系统应对当前快速变化环境等重大问题提供科学依据。


Abstract: The delta is usually located in the transition zone between large surface water bodies such as rivers, lakes and oceans, supporting about 8% of the world's population. However, the delta system is considered to be a highly sensitive and vulnerable zone of many ecosystems due to multiple factors such as low terrain, reduced sands from the upstream river and rising sea levels, thus has attracted lots of attention from policymakers, scientists and inhabitants. In recent years, surface hydrological connectivity has become a hot issue in hydrology and hydrodynamics research of river delta. This study presents a review of surface hydrological connectivity in the river delta area. Based on bibliography analysis, the concept and composition of surface hydrological connectivity in the river delta were introduced, and its relationship between delta morphology was then discussed. The results show that delta surface hydrological connectivity can be classified into structural connectivity, functional connectivity and process connectivity. Structural connectivity based on graph theory only characterizes the role of river networks in hydrological connectivity in the river delta, while functional connectivity and process connectivity reflects the spatial distribution of hydrodynamic elements and their coupling with meteorological and other environmental factors, which needs effective field observations and survey datasets. In addition, delta morphology and hydrological connectivity are related, and some morphological indicators can be used to describe surface hydrological connectivity in the river delta, such as nearest-edge distance, synthetic sediment fluxes and nourishment area. Due to the high spatial and temporal heterogeneity and complex topography of the delta, the multi-disciplinary research strategies such as field observation, mathematical statistics and numerical simulation should be adopted in the future to improve understanding of hydrological connectivity in the river delta. This paper provides references for the study of environmental effects of deltas under the influence of climate change and human activities, and also provides a scientific basis from hydrology perspective for major environmental issues such as the adapting of delta wetland ecosystems to the rapidly changing environment.

No related articles found!
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 梅 艳, 刘友兆, 梁流涛. 基于相对承载力的区域可持续发展研究——以江苏省为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(3): 341 .
[2] 李永乐, 吴群. 中国经济增长与耕地资源数量变化阶段性特征研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2011, 20(1): 33 .
[3] 刘波, 成长春. 江苏沿海地区经济联系及物流要素流量空间特征分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2012, 21(06): 653 .
[4] 柯新利, 李红艳, 刘荣霞. 武汉市耕地景观游憩功能与可达性的空间匹配格局[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(05): 751 -760 .
[5] 王 琦1,易桂花2*,张廷斌1,3,4,别小娟1,刘 栋1,何 冬1,徐嘉昕1. 基于生态足迹模型的四川省耕地资源评价[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(01): 51 .
[6] 袁博, 郭梦京, 周孝德, 郑兴. 气候变化及人类活动对河流溶解性有机质(DOM)影响的研究进展[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(07): 1440 .
[7] 廖炜, 李璐, 杨伟, 吴宜进. 城镇化过程中的流域面源污染时空变化[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(08): 1776 .
[8] 奚世军 安裕伦 李阳兵 蔡沛伶 李瑞 龙立美 陈啟英. 基于景观格局的喀斯特山区流域生态风险评估 ——以贵州省乌江流域为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 0, (): 0 .
[9] 刘晋高, 诸葛亦斯, 刘德富, 张佳磊, 马骏, 余晓.  

防控三峡水库支流水华的生态约束型优化调度 [J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(10): 2379 .

[10] 袁凯华, 张 苗, 甘臣林, 陈银蓉, 朱庆莹, 杨慧琳. 基于碳减排目标的省域碳生态补偿研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2019, 28(01): 21 -29 .