不同退耕年限下菜子湖湿地土壤活性铝形态特征

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201602017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选取菜子湖区不同退耕年限(3、5、7、9、11和21 a)湿地、以仍耕油菜地和原始湿地土壤为研究对照,分析了土壤全铝和活性铝形态组分特征,探讨退耕还湖后湿地土壤铝元素组分特征变化及其生态效应。结果表明,研究区土壤全铝含量和活性铝含量分别在16.78~57.05 g/kg和1 699.94~3 823.49 mg/kg之间,其中活性铝总量占全铝含量的6.70%~11.84%。退耕还湖3~11a期间,土壤全铝、活性铝总量及5种形态活性铝总体均随退耕年限延长而增加;退耕11~21 a期间均下降。不同形态活性铝中,可溶性铝Al_S含量最低,而酸溶无机铝Al(OH)₃⁰和腐殖酸铝Al-HA含量较高,分别占活性铝总量的42%~53% 和39%~50%,左右着活性铝总量的变化。分析讨论表明退耕后湿地植被和水文条件的改变导致土壤粘粒,有效磷和有机质的变化,进而影响退耕后土壤活性铝组分特征。其中0~5 cm土壤毒性较强的交换性铝Al³⁺和羟基铝Al(OH)²⁺、Al(OH)₂⁺含量均在退耕3~9 a期间逐渐增加,占活性铝总量的比例也有所增加,该退耕期湿地土壤存在一定的铝毒生态风险。

关键词: 退耕还湖, 湿地土壤, 活性铝形态, 铝毒

Abstract: Soils were sampled in rape field, native wetland, and wetland returned from farmland to lake (RFL) within different periods (3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 21a) and analyzed the distribution of active aluminum forms in the Caizi Lake, Anhui Province. The results showed that the contents of soil total aluminum (Al_T) and active aluminum (Al_A) were 16.78-57.05 g/kg and 1 699.94-3 823.49 mg/kg respectively, moreover Al_A accounted for 6.70%-11.84% of soil Al_T in studied fields. The contents of Al_T, Al_A and other five active aluminum forms increased with the increase of RFL age within the restoration period of 3-11a, and declined gradually after 11a of RFL. Among the active aluminum forms, solution aluminum (Al_S) was the lowest. Acid-soluble inorganic aluminum [Al(OH)₃⁰] and humic-acid aluminum [Al-HA] were higher, which accounted for 42%-53% and 39%-50% of soil Al_A respectively, which dominated the change of Al_A. The results indicated that the variation of soil clay, organic matter and available phosphorus was due to the change of wetland vegetation and hydrological conditions, which resulted in the characteristics of soil active aluminum components after RFL. The results also indicated that the most toxic forms of aluminum, exchange aluminum (Al³⁺) and unimer hydroxyl aluminum [Al(OH)²⁺、Al(OH)₂⁺] increased gradually within the restoration period of 3-9 a. Wetland soils sustained ecological risk of aluminum toxicity in the period of 3-9 a after RFL.

Key words: returning farmland to lake, wetland soil, forms of active aluminum, aluminum toxicity

中图分类号:

S151.9

王娅娅, 杨艳芳, 李云飞, 刘文静, 张平究. 不同退耕年限下菜子湖湿地土壤活性铝形态特征[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(02): 307-315.

WANG Ya-ya, YANG Yan-fang, LI Yun-fei, LIU Wen-jing, ZHANG Ping-jiu. CHANGES OF ACTIVE ALUMINUM FORMS IN WETLANDS WITH VARIOUS RESTORATION AGES IN CAIZI LAKE, ANHUI PROVINCE[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2016, 25(02): 307-315.

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