长江流域资源与环境 >> 2004, Vol. 13 >> Issue (6): 621-625.

• 自然灾害 • 上一篇    

长江中游平原农业水灾风险管理的制度建设

陶建平,雷海章   

  • 收稿日期:2003-11-27 修回日期:2004-03-29 出版日期:2004-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 陶建平

INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE PLAIN OF THE MIDDLE REACHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

TAO Jian-ping,LEI Hai-zhang   

  • Received:2003-11-27 Revised:2004-03-29 Online:2004-11-20
  • Contact: TAO Jian-ping

摘要: 规避农业洪涝巨灾风险是长江中游平原农业生产发展的必然选择。通过剖析我国农地制度和小规模农户经营的风险特征,认识到我国农地制度存在小规模经营缺陷和缺乏产权激励机制,农户在应对洪涝巨灾自然风险时表现为无能为力,并且现有农业分担风险的外部环境更使农户无法承受自然巨灾风险而被迫成为农业生产经营风险的回避者,因此应对农业洪涝巨灾风险必须在政府主导下实现。提出长江中游平原农业水灾风险管理制度建设安排建议:加强长江中上游地区生态环境建设、保持水土和恢复湿地生态系统;发展避洪农业,实现区域农业结构的优化;实施积极的财政政策,增加农业投入;完善农业保险制度安排,以农业政策性保险分担农业水灾风险,增强长江中游地区农户抵御自然灾害的能力。

关键词: 长江中游平原, 农业水灾, 风险管理制度

Abstract: It is necessary for agricultural development to mitigate huge agricultural flood disaster risk in the plain of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. By studying on agricultural land system and risk characteristics of the Chinese farmers' management in this article, it was concluded that there were defects of micromanagement and no actuating mechanism of property in China's agricultural system. Farmers had no way and no ability to mitigate huge flood disasters, and they actually were to be evaded managers under exocircumstances of agricultural risk share. Government must be leader to mitigate and share agricultural flood disaster risk. On this ground, this article has put forward policies of agricultural flood disaster risk management: (1) to strengthen agricultural ecological environment construction, and to preserve land and water in superior and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and to recovery ecological marsh system; (2) to develop agriculture mitigated flood disaster, and to achieve excelling of regional agricultural structure; (3) to apply active financial policies to increase agricultural investment; (4) to amplify farms' capability to mitigate natural disasters by agricultural policy's insurance shared risk of agricultural flood disasters in the plain of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

Key words: the plain of middle reaches of the Yangtze River, agricultural flood disaster

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