Abstract: Hydrological connectivity possesses both natural and social attributes, but comprehensive reviews are scare about this issue. This paper firstly illustrates the definition and classification of hydrological connectivity. Secondly, the quantitative methods of lateral hydrological connectivity are generalized. Finally, the Dongting Lake is taken as an example to introduce the gradual changes of river-lake relation due to human disturbances. Concerning on this problem, the paper explores some measures that can be taken in the future. It is suggested to build a response model which considers the comprehensive influence of water and sediment changes, and the evolution of river-lake relation under human disturbances and climate change. In addition, effective engineering methods should be designed to enhance the ecological health and strengthen the management of rivers and lakes.