长江流域资源与环境 >> 2015, Vol. 24 >> Issue (11): 1884-1890.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201511011

• 自然资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

赤水河赤水市江段鱼类资源现状

黎良1, 袁维林2, 刘飞3   

  1. 1. 赤水市渔政监督管理站, 贵州 遵义 564700;
    2. 赤水市环境保护监测站, 贵州 遵义 564700;
    3. 中国科学院水生生物研究所, 湖北 武汉 430072
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-05 修回日期:2015-03-13 出版日期:2015-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘飞,E-mail:liufei@ihb.ac.cn E-mail:liufei@ihb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:黎良(1978~),男,助理工程师,主要从事水产养殖和渔业资源研究.E-mail:li593387329@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    长江上游珍稀特有鱼类及保护区项目(0714097);中国长江三峡集团公司项目(0799533);国家自然科学基金项目(31400359)

STATUS OF FISHERY RESOURCES IN CHISHUI SECTION OF THE CHISHUI RIVER

LI Liang1, YUAN Wei-lin2, LIU Fei3   

  1. 1. Agriculture Bureau of the Chishui City, Zunyi 564700, China;
    2. Environmental Monitoring Station of the Chishui City, Zunyi 564700, China;
    3. Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
  • Received:2015-01-05 Revised:2015-03-13 Online:2015-11-20

摘要: 根据2011~2013年赤水河赤水市江段的渔获物调查数据,对该江段的鱼类资源现状进行了研究。调查期间共采集到鱼类58种,隶属于3目10科47属。唇(Hemibarbus labeo)、中华倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus sinensis)、蛇鮈(Saurogobio dabryi)、瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli)、大鳍鳠(Mystus macropterus)、吻鮈(Rhinogobio typus)、粗唇鮠(Leiocassis crassilabris)、银鮈(Squalidus argentatus)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)、切尾拟鲿(Pseudobagrus truncates)、鲫(Carassius auratus)和鲇(Silurus asotus)等13种为调查江段的主要优势种类,它们在渔获物中的总数量百分比和总重量百分比分别为92.61%和93.82%。从捕捞规格来看,目前赤水市江段主要经济鱼类均以小型个体为主,平均体长多在200 mm以下,平均体重多在100 g以下,与历史调查数据相比,捕捞规格小型化趋势较为明显。建议相关部门加快渔民转产安置工作,争取早日实现赤水河流域全面禁渔,并建立流域统一协调管理机制,切实保护好赤水河这一长江上游珍稀特有鱼类的最后庇护所。

关键词: 赤水河, 鱼类, 资源保护

Abstract: The Chishui River is the last undammed first-order tributary of the upper Yangtze River Basin. It originates from the Wumeng Mountains in Zhenxiong County, Yunnan Province, and flows for nearly 437 km before drain into the upper Yangtze River in Hejiang County, Sichuan Province. Because of locating in the transitional region of the Yun-Gui Plateau and Sichuan Basin, habitat heterogeneity in the Chishui River is very high, ultimately leads to a rich biodiversity in both fish species and other aquatic organisms. Previous investigations revealed that the Chishui River inhabited 141 native fish species in its mainstream and tributaries, 46 of these species are endemic to the upper Yangtze River. It is widely expected that the Chishui River will play more important roles in fish conservation as the construction of cascade hydropower stations in low Jinsha River. In this paper, fish investigations were conducted in Chishui reach during the period from 2011 to 2013, in order to understand the present status of major commercial fish species in the Chishui River. Fish specimens were sampled monthly by a combination of different fishing gears, including fixed gill-nets, drift gill-nets, longline, shrimp pots and falling nets. A total of 58 fish species, belonged to 3 orders, 10 families and 47 genera, were collected during the study period. Among the species collected, Sinibrama taeniatus, Ancherythroculter kurematsui, Ancherythroculter wangi, Hemiculterella sauvagei, Hemiculter tchangi, Platysmacheilus nudiventris, Acrossocheilus monticolus, Bangana rendahli, Procypris rabaudi, Parabotia bimaculata, Leptobotia elongate, Sinogastromyzon szechuanensi, Liobagrus marginatoides were endemic to the upper Yangtze River. The fish assemblage was dominated by 13 species, namely Hemibarbus labeo, Spinibarbus sinensis,Saurogobio dabryi, Pelteobagrus vachelli, Mystus macropterus, Rhinogobio typus, Leiocassis crassilabris, Squalidus argentatus, Cyprinus carpio, Siniperca chuatsi, Pseudobagrus truncates, Carassius auratus and Silurus asotus, which collectively accounted for 92.61% (by amount) and 93.82% (by weight) of the total catches. Most individuals caught were small-sized with the body length <200 mm and the body weight < 100 g. Evident miniaturization tendency were detected in both fishing targets and fishing size compared to history data. Overfishing, water pollution, channel improvement and illegal dredging might be the main causes responsible for these changes. In order to effectively protect the Chishui River, which considered as the last refuge of endemic fish species, complete fishing closures and establishing of coordination management mechanism were suggested.

Key words: the Chishui River, fish resource, conservation

中图分类号: 

  • S932.4
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