武汉市后官湖水环境问题和 污染防治对策分析

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201506018

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2015, Vol. 24 >> Issue (06): 1030-1037.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201506018

武汉市后官湖水环境问题和污染防治对策分析

黄宇¹, 邓绪伟^1,2, 徐军³, 彭晶倩¹, 陈书忠¹, 朱志超¹

1. 武汉市环境保护科学研究院, 湖北武汉 430015;
2. 湖北大学资源环境学院, 湖北武汉 430062;
3. 中国科学院水生生物研究所, 湖北武汉 430072

收稿日期:2014-05-14 修回日期:2014-07-09 出版日期:2015-06-20
作者简介:黄宇(1981~ ),女,博士,主要从事环境政策与环境规划研究.E-mail: 32317210@qq.com.*

WATER ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND MANAGEMENT COUNTERMEASURES IN HOUGUANHU LAKE IN WUHAN

HUANG Yu¹, DENG Xu-wei^1,2, XU Jun³, PENG Jing-qian¹, CHEN Shu-zhong¹, ZHU Zhi-chao¹

1. Wuhan Research Academy of Environmental protection Sciences, Wuhan 430015, China;
2. Faculty of Resources and Environment, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
3. Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China

Received:2014-05-14 Revised:2014-07-09 Online:2015-06-20
Contact: 邓绪伟 E-mail:dxw-whu@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 武汉市后官湖因流域城镇化迅速发展,水环境状况日渐恶化。首先对后官湖水质历史和现状分析,得出TP、TN和COD_Mn为主要超标因子。再结合流域土地利用现状、湖泊污染特征及其行政区划等,将后官湖流域划分成5个污染控制区(H1、H2、H3、H4和H5污染控制区),对各污染控制区中点源、面源污染进行分析,得出点源和农村生活为流域最重要污染源,两源共计排放COD_Mn、TN、TP和NH₃-N占整个流域污染的82.9%,76%,78%和80.8%。污染控制区贡献量中,COD_Mn最大为H4(25.7%)和H3(23.97%);TN最大为H3(30.28%)和H4(25.31%);TP最大为H4(29.33%)和H2(25.62%);NH₃-N最大为H3(31.77%)和H4(24.44%)。单位面积入湖强度中,H3区域COD_Mn、TN、TP和NH₃-N强度最大,分别为35.57 t/(a·km²),6.87 t/(a·km²),0.85 t/(a·km²)和5.57 t/(a·km²),表现出污染强度"西低东高"的污染特征。针对上述污染特征本研究提出后官湖流域和各个分区污染防治对策,并对基于流域分区控制下污染物入湖量进行了测算。

关键词: 后官湖, 水环境, 流域分区, 污染防治

Abstract: The water environment of Houguanhu Lake was gradually to be worse with the rapid development of urbanization in Wuhan. This study was first focused on the history and current status water quality of Houguanhu Lake, and found that total phosphorous (TP), total nitrogen (TN) and permanganate index (COD_Mn) were the main pollutants in Houguanhu Lake in these years. In order to find out the sources and contributions of the pollutions, the Houguanhu Lake basin was divided into 5 pollution control districts (PCDs) which named H1-West farmland & forest PCD, H2-North urban PCD, H3-Northeast urban & industry PCD, H4-Southwest farmland & forest PCD and H5-South urban PCD, on the basis of land use structure, characteristics pollution and administrative divisions. The point source pollutions and non-point source pollutions were analyzed comprehensively. Rural pollution and point source outfalls were the major pollution sources which were account for 82.9% COD_Mn, 76% TN, 78%TP and 80.8% ammoniacal nitrogen (NH₃-N) from the whole basin sources. From the analysis of contributions of pollutants from each PCD, the H3 PCD and the H4 PCD contributed the most COD_Mn, TN, TP and NH₃-N to Houguanhu Lake. These two PCDs were accounted for 23.97% and 25.70%, 30.28% and 25.31%, 25.62% and 29.33%, 31.77% and 24.44% of the total pollutants, successively and respectively. And also the H3 PCD was the largest contribution in per km² in basin from all of the PCDs, with COD_Mn, TN, TP and NH₃-N were 35.57 t/(a·km²), 6.87 t/(a·km²), 0.85 t/(a·km²) and 5.57 t/(a·km²), respectively. In this study, we proposed several effective management countermeasures for each PCD and the whole basin, and evaluated the reduction of pollutants.

Key words: Houguanhu Lake, Water environment, Pollution Control District (PCD), Pollution Prevention

中图分类号:

X524

黄宇, 邓绪伟, 徐军, 彭晶倩, 陈书忠, 朱志超. 武汉市后官湖水环境问题和污染防治对策分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 24(06): 1030-1037.

HUANG Yu, DENG Xu-wei, XU Jun, PENG Jing-qian, CHEN Shu-zhong, ZHU Zhi-chao. WATER ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND MANAGEMENT COUNTERMEASURES IN HOUGUANHU LAKE IN WUHAN[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2015, 24(06): 1030-1037.

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