长江流域资源与环境 >> 2016, Vol. 25 >> Issue (04): 645-654.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201604015
张亚男1,2, 甘义群1,2, 李小倩1,2, 刘运德2, 于凯1,2, 张彬1,2
ZHANG Ya-nan1,2, GAN Yi-qun1,2, LI Xiao-qian1,2, LIU Yun-de2, YU Kai1,2, ZHANG Bin1,2
摘要: 为掌握长江河水化学组成特征及其控制因素,笔者运用Gibbs图、多种离子比例系数法和主成分分析法综合分析了长江流域丰水期河水化学及氢氧同位素特征。结果表明,长江丰水期河水主要来源为大气降水,河水化学类型主要为HCO3·SO4-Ca型,化学成分主要受流域内广泛分布的碳酸盐岩等岩石风化作用控制;河水pH值、HCO3-浓度沿长江径流方向降低,SO42-、Ca2+浓度沿长江径流方向升高。2013年丰水期,长江河水化学组成特征变化的主要影响因子,是易溶盐岩溶解和人类活动(贡献率40%),其次为川贵及长江三角洲地区的酸雨沉降以及人为酸性废水排放促进了流域内石灰岩和富含碳酸盐的三叠系砂页岩溶解(贡献率20%),最后为硅酸盐矿物及其风化产物的溶解(贡献率19%)。为了解长江河水水质状况及其演变趋势,合理评价长江流域水资源提供很好的科学依据。
中图分类号:
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