长江上游支流老河沟鱼类群落结构的时空格局

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201507007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2012年3月、6月、9月和12月按季度对涪江支流老河沟的14个样点进行了鱼类群落结构调查和分析。共采集鱼类11种,隶属于2目4科;其中,鲤形目鱼类7种,占物种数的63.64%。沿上游源头到下游的纵向梯度方向,老河沟鱼类的种类数和丰度均逐渐增加,具极显著性差异,而鱼类种类数和丰度则无季节差异性。聚类分析(Cluster Analysis)和多维尺度分析(MDS)表明,当Bray-curtis相似度矩阵值为40.77%时,老河沟鱼类群落分成上游、中游和下游3组。利用相似度百分比分析(SIMPER)确定,引起3组差异性的特定鱼类是宽鳍鱲、尖头、似()、齐口裂腹鱼、贝氏高原鳅、红尾荷马条鳅和青石爬鮡。典型相关分析(CCA)表明海拔、底质类型、流速、溶氧、总溶解固体、水温、电导率、河宽、pH值和水深等环境变量是老河沟鱼类群落时空格局差异的影响因子。

关键词: 长江上游, 老河沟, 鱼类群落, 时空格局, 影响因子

Abstract: The Laohegou Stream is the third-grade tributary of Yangtze River in Sichuan Province. By the field sampling and data analysis from 14 sites in Laohegou Stream in each season in 2012, a total of 11 species were recorded, representing 4 families and 4 orders. Among which, 7 species belong to Cypriniformes, accounting for 63.64% of the total. Some species of them, such as Rhynchocypris oxycephalus, Triplophysa bleekeri, Homatula variegate, and Euchiloglanis kishinouyei, were common species. They completed their life history in a relatively short river reach. While Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, Pseudobagrus truncates, and Pseudobagrus tenuifurcatus were occasional species, and only appeared in the wet seasons of the Laohegou Stream. Our result showed that species richness and individual abundance of fish increased gradually along the longitudinal gradient from the headwater to the stream outlet. The highest species richness and individual abundance were observed in summer and winter, respectively. And the lowest values of them were ascertained in spring and summer. Result from One way ANOVA indicated that species richness and individual abundances showed significant difference between the 14 sites (P<0.01), while they showed no significant differences between seasons (P>0.05). Cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling (MDS) were performed to examine the spatial distribution pattern of fish. It suggested that the fish assemblage were separated into three groups-upper, middle and lower reaches on a Bray-Curtis similarity value of 40.77%. Results from the analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) suggested that the fish assemblage were significant difference among the upper, middle and lower reach of the Laohegou Stream (Global R=0.722; P<0.01). Through analysis of similarity percentages of species contributions (SIMPER), we determined the specific species such as Zacco platypus, Belligobio nummifer, Schizothorax prenanti, R.oxycephalus, T.bleekeri, H.variegata and E.kishinouyei which result in significantly different among the three groups. Results from the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that elevation, substrate, flow velocity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, total dissolved solid, water temperature, pH and water depth were impact factors resulting in difference in the spatial and temporal pattern of fish assemblages in the Laohegou Stream.

Key words: upper Yangtze River, Laohegou Sream, fish assemblages, spatial and temporal pattern, impact factors

中图分类号:

Q178.1+4

雷娟, 梁阳阳, 隋晓云, 陈毅峰. 长江上游支流老河沟鱼类群落结构的时空格局[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 24(07): 1126-1132.

LEI Juan, LIANG Yang-yang, SUI Xiao-yun, CHEN Yi-feng. STRUCTURE AND SPATIAL-TEMPORAL PATTERN OF FISH ASSEMBLAGE IN THE LAOHEGOU STREAM, SICHUAN PROVINCE, CHINA[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2015, 24(07): 1126-1132.

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