三峡水库干流消落带沉积泥沙粒径特征及其物源意义

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201609013

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2016, Vol. 25 >> Issue (09): 1421-1429.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201609013

三峡水库干流消落带沉积泥沙粒径特征及其物源意义

王彬俨^1,2, 严冬春¹, 文安邦¹, 陈佳村^1,2

1. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 四川成都 610041;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2015-12-14 修回日期:2016-02-29 出版日期:2016-09-20
通讯作者: 严冬春 E-mail:yandc@imde.ac.cn
作者简介:王彬俨(1988~),男,博士研究生,主要从事水土保持与泥沙淤积研究.E-mail:wangbinyan_1123@126.com
基金资助:
中国科学院科技服务网络计划项目“三峡水库沉积物内源释放通量及其环境效应”（KFJ-EW-STS-008）、“三峡库区生态清洁小流域建设技术体系试验示范”（KFJ-SW-STS-175）；国家自然科学基金“三峡库区支流消落带土-水界面磷素迁移过程与通量”（41430750）

SEDIMENT PARTICLE SIZE IN RIPARIAN ZONE OF THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AND ITS IMPLICATION ON SOURCES

WANG Bin-yan^1,2, YAN Dong-chun¹, WEN An-bang¹, CHEN Jia-cun^1,2

1. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2015-12-14 Revised:2016-02-29 Online:2016-09-20
Supported by:
Science and Technology Services Network of Chinese Academy of Sciences:Endogenous release flux and the related environmental effects of deposition in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Demonstration of technical system in ecologic and clean-type small watersheds construction in the Three Gorges Reservoir;National Natural Science Foundation of China:Phosphorous transfer processes and fluxes via soil-water interface from the water fluctuation zone in branches of the Three Gorges Reservoir

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示三峡水库干流消落带的泥沙沉积规律、分析沉积泥沙来源，本研究采用原位观测方法采集沉积泥沙样品，利用激光粒度仪测试泥沙粒径，分析沉积泥沙粒径在水平、垂直和高程3个维度上的变化特征，并与三峡水库入库泥沙的粒径特征相结合，阐述消落带沉积泥沙来源。结果表明：（1）三峡水库干流消落带沉积泥沙粒径在水平方向上存在比较强烈的空间变化，中值粒径沿河流流向方向呈逐渐下降趋势，并在忠县及其下游河段基本保持稳定；（2）泥沙粒径随高程的变化存在较大的空间差异，河流挟沙是消落带下部粗颗粒泥沙的主要来源，而消落带上方的土壤侵蚀强度越高，消落带顶部的沉积颗粒就越容易变粗；（3）在水库尾端，泥沙剖面存在较明显的旋迴分层现象，其中值粒径数值较大、变化幅度较宽，越往下游推进，中值粒径的数值越低、变化幅度越小，泥沙旋迴分层现象逐渐消失；（4）水库尾端的沉积泥沙以库区外来沙为主，越往下游推进，库区内产沙对粗颗粒泥沙的贡献逐渐升高，但库区内外来沙都能够为沉积泥沙提供丰富的细颗粒物源，因此，细沙的来源具有一定的复杂性和多样化特征。

关键词: 粒径, 沉积泥沙, 空间变化, 物源, 消落带

Abstract: The main aim of this study is to reveal the regularity and the sources of sediment deposition in the riparian zone of the main stream in the Three Gorges Reservoir. Using in-situ observations and laser particle analyzer, we investigated the particle size of the deposited sediment and its variation in horizontal, vertical and elevational directions in the riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, and compared the characteristics of grain size between deposited sediment and suspended sediment to reveal the source of deposited sediment studied. The results show that:(1) sediment deposited in the riparian zone of perennial reservoir was significantly finer than that in the fluctuating backwater area, and particle size gradually became finer along the horizontal flow direction and is almost stable in Zhongxian County and its lower reach; (2) fine sediments usually occupied a larger proportion with increasing elevation, but coarse sediments also had great opportunities to take the advantage on the top of the riparian zone if soil erosion above the zone was intense and strong; (3) cyclic layering of the sediment profile was easy to observe in the riparian zone at the end of the reservoir where median size was larger and appears a wider range of variation, while the median size and related range of variation get smaller and cyclic layering of the sediment profile gradually disappeared towards the downstream; (4) deposited sediments in riparian zone of the fluctuating backwater area mainly came from external sources such as Jinsha River and Jialing River, internal sources made greater contribution to coarse sediments in the perennial reservoir area but couldn't be dominant in fine sediments since external sources are also able to supply sufficient matters which makes the source of fine sediments complex and diverse.

Key words: particle size, deposited sediment, spatial variability, sediment sources, riparian zone

中图分类号:

TV145

王彬俨, 严冬春, 文安邦, 陈佳村. 三峡水库干流消落带沉积泥沙粒径特征及其物源意义[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(09): 1421-1429.

WANG Bin-yan, YAN Dong-chun, WEN An-bang, CHEN Jia-cun. SEDIMENT PARTICLE SIZE IN RIPARIAN ZONE OF THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AND ITS IMPLICATION ON SOURCES[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2016, 25(09): 1421-1429.

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