鄱阳湖水体垂向分层状况调查研究

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201706014

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2017, Vol. 26 >> Issue (06): 915-924.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201706014

鄱阳湖水体垂向分层状况调查研究

李云良^1,2, 姚静², 张小琳^2,3, 张奇^2,4

1. 河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 江苏南京 210098;
2. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 流域地理学重点实验室, 江苏南京 210008;
3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
4. 江西师范大学, 鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室, 江西南昌 330022

收稿日期:2016-10-09 修回日期:2016-11-23 出版日期:2017-06-20
作者简介:李云良(1983~),男,博士,助理研究员,主要从事湖泊流域系统水文水动力过程联合模拟研究.E-mail:yunliangli@niglas.ac.cn
基金资助:
河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室开放研究基金（2014491611）；江西省重大生态安全问题监控协同创新中心项目（JXS-EW-00）；国家自然科学基金项目（41401031，41371062，41301023）

STUDY ON THE VERTICAL STRATIFICATION IN POYANG LAKE

LI Yun-liang^1,2, YAO Jing², ZHANG Xiao-lin^2,3, ZHANG Qi^2,4

1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
3. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China

Received:2016-10-09 Revised:2016-11-23 Online:2017-06-20
Supported by:
Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of HydrologyWater Resources and Hydraulic Engineering (2014491611);CollaborativeInnovation Center for Major Ecological Security Issues of Jiangxi Province and Monitoring Implementation (JXS-EW-00);National Natural Science Foundation of China (41401031, 41371062 and 41301023)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 湖泊水体混合或分层对环境和生态具有显著指示意义，能够提高对未来湖泊水环境状况的评价与管理。针对洪泛鄱阳湖水位季节性变化显著等特点，基于剖面温度和稳定氢氧同位素的调查分析来探明多因素影响下鄱阳湖水体垂向分层或混合状况。结果发现：鄱阳湖枯水期和洪水期水体垂向温差大多处于0~1.0℃，大部分水域温差小于0.5℃，但偶见洪水期部分水域会达到1.5℃的较大温差。总体表明，在季节变化尺度上，鄱阳湖具有较为稳定的等温层，没有明显温度分层特征。同位素分析结果得出，枯水期和洪水期的氢氧稳定同位素值在深度剖面上呈均一分布，表明鄱阳湖水体混合状况较好或完全混合。虽然湖区气象条件和水文条件均是影响鄱阳湖水体分层或混合的重要因素，但鄱阳湖入流和出流等水文条件是影响鄱阳湖水体垂向混合的主要因素。鄱阳湖水体混合同时对湖泊水环境因子的垂向分布特征可能产生重要的影响或控制作用。首次基于大量野外监测有针对性地开展鄱阳湖水体分层研究，结果有助于对湖泊水流结构的深入认识，可为湖区水体污染物的输移模拟与作用机制阐释等方面提供科学参考。

关键词: 洪泛鄱阳湖, 水体分层或混合, 水温, 氢氧同位素, 水环境因子, 影响因素

Abstract: Although mixing in lakes has significant environmental and ecological implications, knowledge of mixing dynamics for shallow floodplain lakes has received little attention. In this study we used a combination of hydrological and thermal investigations to provide evidence for the mixing in a large, shallow floodplain of Poyang Lake (China). Depth profiles of water temperature and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions were measured throughout the lake. Results showed that although the water temperature differences of up to 1.5°C were observed occasionally during the high lake water level period, Poyang Lake appeared to have isothermal mixed-layers from the upper epilimnion to the bottom hypolimnion attributed to the presence of mostly small temperature differences (0.5–1°C). The stable isotope composition revealed that the water columns of the lake were almost homogeneous during low and high lake water level periods. Poyang Lake appears to be well mixed or full mixing on a seasonal basis, depending on hydrological forcing within the lake, rather than meteorological conditions. Additionally, the vertical mixing of Poyang Lake appeared to have a close relationship with the aquatic environment due to mostly small differences in the vertical distributions of suspended sediments, TN and TP. The current study is the first to explore the stratification of Poyang Lake, which will help to improve our knowledge of water flow patterns and pollutant transport within the lake.

Key words: floodplain Poyang Lake, lake stratification or mixing, water temperature, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, aquatic environment, influencing factor

中图分类号:

P339

李云良, 姚静, 张小琳, 张奇. 鄱阳湖水体垂向分层状况调查研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2017, 26(06): 915-924.

LI Yun-liang, YAO Jing, ZHANG Xiao-lin, ZHANG Qi. STUDY ON THE VERTICAL STRATIFICATION IN POYANG LAKE[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2017, 26(06): 915-924.

参考文献

[1] READ J S, WINSLOW L A, HANSEN G J A, et al. Simulating 2368 temperate lakes reveals weak coherence in stratification phenology[J]. Ecological Modelling, 2014, 291:142-150.
[2] BOUFFARD D, BOEGMAN L, ACKERMAN J D, et al. Near-inertial wave driven dissolved oxygen transfer through the thermocline of a large lake[J]. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 2014, 40(2):300-307.
[3] BERTONE E, STEWART R A, ZHANG H, et al. Analysis of the mixing processes in the subtropical Advancetown Lake, Australia[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2015, 522:67-79.
[4] READ J S, HAMILTON D P, JONES I D, et al. Derivation of lake mixing and stratification indices from high-resolution lake buoy data[J]. Environmental Modelling & Software, 2011, 26(11):1325-1336.
[5] MARTIN J L, MCCUTCHEON S C. Hydrodynamics and transport for water quality modeling[M]. Boca Raton:CRC Press, 1998:355-420.
[6] ELÇI Ş. Effects of thermal stratification and mixing on reservoir water quality[J]. Limnology, 2008, 9(2):135-142.
[7] CHOWDHURY M R, WELLS M G, COSSU R. Observations and environmental implications of variability in the vertical turbulent mixing in Lake Simcoe[J]. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 2015, 41(4):995-1009.
[8] HALDER J, DECROUY L, VENNEMANN T W. Mixing of Rhône River water in Lake Geneva (Switzerland-France) inferred from stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope profiles[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2013, 477:152-164.
[9] TUAN N V, HAMAGAMI K, MORI K, et al. Mixing by wind-induced flow and thermal convection in a small, shallow and stratified lake[J]. Paddy and Water Environment, 2009, 7(2):83-93.
[10] HERB W R, STEFAN H G. Dynamics of vertical mixing in a shallow lake with submersed macrophytes[J]. Water Resources Research, 2005, 41(2):W02023.
[11] TOWNSEND S A. Hydraulic phases, persistent stratification, and phytoplankton in a tropical floodplain lake (Mary River, Northern Australia)[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2006, 556(1):163-179.
[12] ENGLE D, MELACK J M. Methane emissions from an Amazon floodplain lake:Enhanced release during episodic mixing and during falling water[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2000, 51(1):71-90.
[13] FORD P W, BOON P I, LEE K. Methane and oxygen dynamics in a shallow floodplain lake:the significance of periodic stratification[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2002, 485(1):97-110.
[14] 赵林林, 朱广伟, 陈元芳, 等. 太湖水体水温垂向分层特征及其影响因素[J]. 水科学进展, 2011, 22(6):844-850.[ZHAO L L, ZHU G W, CHEN Y F, et al. Thermal stratification and its influence factors in a large-sized and shallow Lake Taihu[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2011, 22(6):844-850.]
[15] 董春颖, 虞左明, 吴志旭, 等. 千岛湖湖泊区水体季节性分层特征研究[J]. 环境科学, 2013, 34(7):2574-2581.[DONG C Y, YU Z M, WU Z Y, et al. Study on seasonal characteristics of thermal stratification in Lacustrine zone of Lake Qiandao[J]. Environmental Science, 2013, 34(7):2574-2581.]
[16] 赵巧华, 孙绩华. 夏秋两季洱海、太湖表层混合层的深度变化特征及其机理分析[J]. 物理学报, 2013, 62(3):039203.[ZHAO Q H, SUN J H. The variation features of the surface mixed layer depth in Erhai Lake and Taihu Lake in spring and autumn and their mechanism analyses[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(3):039203.]
[17] 王苏民, 窦鸿身. 中国湖泊志[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1998.
[18] LI X, ZHANG L, YANG G, et al. Impacts of human activities and climate change on the water environment of Lake Poyang Basin, China[J]. Geoenvironmental Disasters, 2015, 2(1):22.
[19] SHANKMAN D, KEIM B D, SONG J. Flood frequency in China's Poyang Lake region:trends and teleconnections[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2006, 26(9):1255-1266.
[20] HU Q, FENG S, GUO H, et al. Interactions of the Yangtze River flow and hydrologic processes of the Poyang Lake, China[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2007, 347(1/2):90-100.
[21] LAI X J, JIANG J H, LIANG Q H, et al. Large-scale hydrodynamic modeling of the middle Yangtze River Basin with complex river-lake interactions[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2013, 492:228-243.
[22] LI Y L, ZHANG Q, YAO J, et al. Hydrodynamic and hydrological modeling of the Poyang Lake catchment system in China[J]. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 2014, 19(3):607-616.
[23] WANG P, LAI G Y, LI L. Predicting the hydrological impacts of the Poyang Lake project using an EFDC model[J]. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 2015, 20(12), doi:10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001240.[DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001240]
[24] FENG L, HU C M, CHEN X L, et al. Assessment of inundation changes of Poyang Lake using MODIS observations between 2000 and 2010[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2012, 121:80-92.
[25] 姚静, 张奇, 李云良, 等. 定常风对鄱阳湖水动力的影响[J]. 湖泊科学, 2016, 28(1):225-236.[YAO J, ZHANG Q, LI Y L, et al. The influence of uniform winds on hydrodynamics of Lake Poyang[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2016, 28(1):225-236.]
[26] LI Y L, ZHANG Q, WERNER A D, et al. Investigating a complex lake-catchment-river system using artificial neural networks:Poyang Lake (China)[J]. Hydrology Research, 2015, 12(22):912-928.
[27] SÁNCHEZ-ESPAÑA J, ERCILLA M D, CERDÁN F P, et al. Hydrological investigation of a multi-stratified pit lake using radioactive and stable isotopes combined with hydrometric monitoring[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2014, 511:494-508.
[28] SHINADA A, OMORI H, TADA M, et al. Effect of wind on behavior of hypoxic water in Lake Notoro[J]. Scientific Reports of Hokkaido Fisheries Experimental Station, 2009, 75:1-5.
[29] LI Y L, ZHANG Q, WERNER A D, et al. The influence of river-to-lake backflow on the hydrodynamics of a large floodplain lake system (Poyang Lake, China)[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2017, 31(1):117-132, doi:10.1002/hyp.10979.[DOI:10.1002/hyp.10979]
[30] LI Y L, ZHANG Q, YAO J. Investigation of residence and travel times in a large floodplain lake with complex lake-river interactions:Poyang Lake (China)[J]. Water, 2015, 7(5):1991-2012.
[31] LIU X, QIAN K M, CHEN Y W. Effects of water level fluctuations on phytoplankton in a Changjiang River floodplain lake (Poyang Lake):Implications for dam operations[J]. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 2015, 41(3):770-779.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed