巢湖流域土地景观格局变化及生态风险驱动力研究

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201605007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 健康的流域生态系统是区域经济社会可持续发展的重要基础。探讨流域土地景观格局变化及生态风险驱动机制有助于生态系统状况诊断与风险来源认识,为有效制定生态风险管控措施提供决策依据。应用空间信息技术平台及计量分析方法,探讨了基于县域行政单元的快速城市化阶段巢湖流域土地景观格局变化及生态风险驱动力。研究表明:(1)2000~2013年,巢湖流域土地景观类型变化表现出农地、林地、水体景观面积下降,建设用地景观面积显著增加的趋势;流域景观水平上多样性和均匀度呈下降、优势度呈上升趋势,景观空间异质性下降; (2)近15 a来,巢湖流域9个行政单元内生态风险均呈上升趋势,生态风险整体恶化,需加强对流域生态风险上升的管控; (3)生态风险驱动力分析表明,快速城市化阶段巢湖流域生态风险的主要驱动因子为第二产业值、城市化率、人口密度和固定资产投资,而人均GDP的增加在一定程度上会降低生态风险水平。

关键词: 土地景观格局, 生态风险, 驱动机制, 巢湖流域

Abstract: Healthy ecosystem is an important foundation for the sustainable development of regional social economy. Studying the changes of landscape pattern and the driving forces of ecological risk is helpful to diagnose the ecosystem status and reveal the source of ecological risk, which can provide a basis for taking measures to manage and control the changes of ecological risk in Chaohu Lake Basin. In this paper, the changes of landscape pattern and ecological risk of 9 administrative units in Chaohu Lake Basin were analyzed based on spatial information technology, and the driving forces of ecological risk were discussed by using econometric analysis model during the phase of rapid urbanization from 2000 to 2013 in Chaohu Lake Basin. The results showed that:(1) The landscape structure changed obviously from 2000 to 2013 in Chaohu Lake Basin, the farmland, woodland and water landscape decreased gradually, but the construction land increased significantly. On the landscape level, the Shannon's diversity index and Evenness index decreased, but the Dominance index increased, which presented the reduce of regional landscape heterogeneity remarkably. (2) As a whole, the ecological risk of the nine administrative units in Chaohu Lake Basin was on the rise, the overall elevation of ecological risk means that the regional ecosystem experienced strong disturbance from human activities. Therefore, measures should be taken to control the rising of regional ecological risk in Chaohu Lake Basin. (3) The driving force analysis of ecological risk indicated that the changes of ecological risk during the rapid urbanization stage in Chaohu Lake Basin were mainly affected by second industrial value, urbanization rate, population density and fixed asset investment, and the increase of per capita GDP would reduce the level of ecological risk to some extent.

Key words: landscape pattern, ecological risk, driving forces, Chaohu Lake Basin

中图分类号:

Q149

黄木易, 何翔. 巢湖流域土地景观格局变化及生态风险驱动力研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(05): 743-750.

HUANG Mu-yi, HE Xiang. STUDY ON LANDSCAPE PATTERN CHANGES AND DRIVING FORCES OF ECOLOGICAL RISK IN CHAOHU LAKE BASIN[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2016, 25(05): 743-750.

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